schizophrenia spectrum Flashcards
4 A’s of schizo
autism, ambivalence/apathy, loose associations, flat affect
definition of schizo: abnormalities in 1+ of what 5 domains
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized thinking/speech
- grossly disorganized behavior
- negative sx
fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence
delusions
gestures, comments, environmental cues are directed at oneself
referential delusions
individual believes falsely that another person is in love with them
erotomanic delusions
involve a conviction that a major catastrophe will occur
nihilistic delusions
preoccupation regarding health and organ fxn
somatic delusions
perception like experiences that occur without an external stimuli
hallucinations
childlike silliness to unpredictable agitation
grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior
purposeless and excessive motor activity without obvious cause
catatonic excitement
decr in motivated self initiated purposeful activities
avolution
diminished speech output
alogia
decr ability to experience pleasure
anhedonia
lack of interest in social interactions
asociality
pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by discomfort or inability to have close relationships, eccentricites
schizotypal disorders
what % schizotypal have 1+ MDD?
50%
prevalence of schizotypal disorders in US
4.6%
schizotypal disorders more common in males or females
males
criteria for delusional disorders: presence of ____delusions for ___
1+ delusions for 1+ months
most frequent subtype of delusional disorder
persecutory
which type of delusion disorder is more common in males than females
jealous
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior for >1 day but less than 1 month, with return to premorbid fxn
brief psychotic disorder
prevalence of brief psychotic disorder
9% of first onset psychosis
brief psychotic disorder more common in males or females
females
when delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior (2+) are present for a significant time during a 1 month period
schizophreniform disorder
time course of schizophreniform disorder
episodes last at least 1 month, but less than 6 months
is schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder more common
schizophrenia if 5x more common
likelihood of ppl with schizophreniform disorder going on to develop schizophrenia
2/3
schizophrenia definition: continous signs of disturbance persist for at least ____with ____mon of active sx
persist for at least 6 months with 1 month of active sx
prevalence of schizophrenia
0.3-0.7%
negative sx and long duration of schizophrenia is higher in males or females
males
what % of schizophrenics c/o depressive sx
50%
what happens to psychotic sx in schizophrenia over time?
diminish over a life
schizophrenia is higher prevalence where?
in urban areas
schizophrenia has high comorbidity with what diseases
anxiety, OCD, panic
rates of comorbidity with substance related disorders in schizophrenics
> 50% use tobacco
delusions of hallucinations for 2+ weeks in the absence of a major mood episode during a lifetime duration of illness
schizoaffective disorder
7-25% ppl with 1st episode psychosis are reported with thi disorder
substance/medication induced psychotic disorder
what % of inpatients with schizophrenia are catatonic
35%
whe the clinician chooses not to specif why the criteria are not met bu has S/S of schizo-like presentation
unspecfifed schizophrenia spectrum
where is volume decr in brain of schizo (5)
- hippocampus
- thalamus
- temporal
- prefrontal cortex
- total gray matter volume
what part of the brain is enlarged in schizo?
lateral and 3rd ventricle
what fMRI imaging may correlate with negative sx
hypofrontality at rest
federal govt substance abuse mental health agency that provides evidence based practice on how to take care of ppl
SAMHSA
what is the only risk factor for violence within schizophrenic populations
auditory command hallucinatons
suicide risk with schizophrenics
20% within the 1st 5 years of illness
