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Clinical Conditions > Schizophrenia And Psychotic Disorder > Flashcards

Schizophrenia And Psychotic Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Schizophrenia

A

A serious mental health condition that affects how people think, feel and behave

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2
Q

Symptoms

A
  • delusions
  • unusual motor behavior
  • negative symptoms
  • hallucinations
  • disorganized speech and thinking
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3
Q

Signs and symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Positive symptoms:
- hallucinations
- delusions
- disorganized speech and thoughts
Negative symptoms:
- anhedonia
- abolition
- blunted affect
Cognitive symptoms:
- memory issues
- inability to process social cues
- impaired sensory perception

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4
Q

Types of schizophrenia

A
  • paranoid schizophrenia
  • disorganized schizophrenia
  • catatonic schizophrenia
  • undifferentiated schizophrenia
  • residual schizophrenia
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5
Q

Paranoid schizophrenia

A

Symptoms include hallucinations and/or delusions

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6
Q

Disorganized schizophrenia

A

Marked by disorganized speech and behavior

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7
Q

Catatonic schizophrenia

A

Associated with multiple psychomotor abnormalities and behavioral dysregulation

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8
Q

Undifferentiated schizophrenia

A

Includes lack of emotional depth and ideation is simple and refers to concrete things

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9
Q

Residual schizophrenia

A

Recovery phase as severe symptoms usually begin to reduce or fade

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10
Q

Etiology of schizophrenia

A
  • no identified cause
  • genetics
  • stressful life experiences
  • pregnancy and birth issues
  • psychoactive drugs
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11
Q

Challenges of schizophrenia

A
  • unable to attend work or school
  • money problems and homelessness
  • social isolation
  • suicide, suicidal thoughts or attempts
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12
Q

Comorbidities of schizophrenia

A
  • depression
  • anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder
  • substance use disorder
  • other health and medical problems (liver/heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes)
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13
Q

Treatments for schizophrenia

A

Medication:
- antipsychotics
Coordinated Specialty Care:
- mediation
- therapy
- social services
- employment
- education
Psychosocial Therapy:
- manage symptoms
- use coping mechanisms to function
Hospitalization:
- for severe cases

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14
Q

Occupational limitations of schizophrenia

A
  • lower occupational function due to symptoms
  • decreased motivation to participate in occupations
  • chronic pain
  • lack of independence
  • increased likelihood of other mental health disorders
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15
Q

Physical limitations

A
  • medication side effects
  • poor sleep
  • reduced physical activity
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16
Q

Cognitive limitations

A
  • executive functioning
  • memory problems
  • focus
17
Q

Social limitation

A
  • isolation
  • paranoia
  • distrust
  • stigma
18
Q

Emotional limitations

A
  • reduces emotional expression
  • emotional detachment
19
Q

Impact on ADLs/IADLs

A
  • self care
  • meal prep
  • medication management
20
Q

Impact on work/education

A
  • compromised attention
  • focus
  • planning
  • communication
21
Q

Impact on play/leisure

A
  • limited pleasure and enjoyment
  • disorganized thinking
22
Q

Impact on social participation

A
  • isolation
  • stigma
  • social cues
  • limited expression
23
Q

Analysis of lived experience

A
  • Joshua expressed mental breaks, auditory hallucinations, and seemed extremely victimized
  • did not perceive his friends or family members as paying any real attention to his issues
  • reported a sense of isolation and irritability to the point where he was hospitalized and refused to take his medication
  • his story aligns with research in the progression and typical symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia but also in the stressors it placed on his life
  • reported that the voices hold him distressing things that further exacerbated his paranoia and delusions
  • struggled with telling reality from the “fiction” created by his own mind which landed
  • difficulty with schizophrenia is being aware of their altered mental state, potential breaks from reality, and their relationship with their medication
  • in general, the prevailing desire is for them to be on the minimal amount of medication necessary due to antipsychotic medications often having severe side effects
  • likely an OT won’t see a schizophrenia patient often and hence the treatment plan will likely need to be novel to deal with their symptoms and personal issues
24
Q

Takeaways

A
  • schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects hoe someone perceives and interacts with the world
  • “losing touch with reality:”
  • affects all areas of life and occupation
  • symptoms can be extremely severe and debilitating especially if left untreated

Clinical Conditions (27 decks)

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