Obssessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Flashcards
1
Q
Overview of OCD
A
- combination of unwanted thoughts and fears (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions)
- compulsions ease stress
- symptoms typically begin between late childhood and young adulthood
- can worsen during times of stress
- can get in the way of activities the person finds meaningful
2
Q
Symptoms of OCD
A
- can have just obsession symptoms, just compulsions symptoms, or both
Obsession symptoms: - intrusive thoughts or images
- sudden urges
- stem from anxiety
Compulsion symptoms: - repetitive behaviors
- made up rules or rituals
- often in response to an obsession
- avoiding situations
3
Q
OCD themes
A
- contamination
- health anxiety (fear of having/getting illnesses)
- responsibility (fear of making a mistake or causing a tragedy)
- relationship (obsessive uncertainty around love, one’s partner, and fidelity)
- harm (violent obsessions, fear of causing harm)
- religious or moral obsessions (scrupulosity, obsessions about right/wrong, morality)
4
Q
OCD is a cycle
A
- obsessions (intrusive thoughts)
- meaning attached
- distress (anxiety, disgust)
- ERP treatment
- compulsions alleviate distress
- short-term relief
- negative reinforcement
5
Q
Comorbidities with OCD
A
- anxiety
- sensory processing disorder
- major depressive disorder
- bipolar disorder
- ADHD
- feeding/eating disorders
- autism spectrum disorders
In the same category as OCD: - body dysmorphic disorder
- hoarding disorder
- trichotillomania (hair-pulling)
- skin-pickling disorder
6
Q
Statistics of OCD
A
- onset at any age
- 7-12 years old
- around age 20
- 1 in 40 adults diagnosed
- 1 in 100 children diagnosed
- generally takes 2.5 years from symptoms starting to get a diagnosis
7
Q
Occupational limitations/challenges of OCD
A
- the times it takes to deal with obsessions/compulsions
- punctuality difficulties
- job performance
- friendships/family relationships
- avoidance of triggers limiting social participation
- diet implications
- easily distracted
8
Q
OCD management
A
- therapeutic techniques = anxiety and depression management techniques (breathing exercises, rerouting thoughts, meditation, etc), CBT, OT services
- medication = SSRIs and other antidepressants to help manage anxiety and depressive symptoms
- support groups = talking with other people who have OCD to share experiences and coping mechanisms (a sense of belonging)
9
Q
Impact on ADLs (lived experience)
A
- obsessively checking ingredients
- fear of contamination
- stainless steel only for cooking
10
Q
Impact on IADLs and health management (lived experience)
A
- difficulty taking medication
- previously had very frequently doctor appointments
- aggressively cleaning = not tidy but very sanitary (gashes on skin from cleaning)
11
Q
Impact on work (lived experience)
A
- worked at retail
- very frequent sanitation of hands or objects
- “If I don’t clean my hands, I will die because I have meningitis”
12
Q
Impact on education (lived experience)
A
- being a health major creates challenges
- previously = learning about diseases leads to “I have this disease”
- currently = learning about diseases to “I will someday have this disease”
- difficulty studying with others = hearing them breathe can lead to only focusing on that
13
Q
Impact on leisure (lived experience)
A
- very hard time going outside despite enjoying being outside
- tick checks after entering the house
14
Q
Impact on rest and sleep (lived experience)
A
- as a child, she had printed-put checklist for her dad to check off before she would be able to fall asleep
- currently, cannot sleep with appliances on
15
Q
Impact on social participation (lived experience)
A
- struggles to go to social events if she sees something bad on the news
- fully believed that every single person on campus hated her until after getting treatment
- high expectations for herself leads to high expectations for others
