Schizophrenia

Question 1

What did Emil Kraepelin call Schizophrenia?

Answer 1

Dementia Praecox - Dimentia of the young

Question 2

What did Eugene Blueler state was the cause of Schizophrenia?

Answer 2

Affect, ambivalence, associations and preference for fantasy

Question 3

What is the percentage of population has Schizophrenia?

Answer 3

1%

Question 4

What is the age of onset for Schizophrenia?

Answer 4

Males 15 to 25, Females 25 to 35. Younger than 10 and older than 50 is very rare

Question 5

Is Schizophrenia more likely in men or women?

Answer 5

30 to 40% more likely in men

Question 6

What percentage of Schizophrenia patients attempt suicide?

Answer 6

50%

Question 7

What are the DSM - V criteria for Schizophrenia?

Answer 7

1. Delusions
2. Hallucintations
3. Disorganised speech
4. Grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviour
5. Negative symptoms including affect flattening, alogia and avolition
6. Social and occupational and dysfunction

Question 8

What is affect flattening?

Answer 8

reduced emotional display

Question 9

What is alogia?

Answer 9

Lack of speech

Question 10

What is avolition?

Answer 10

Lack of motivation

Question 11

What should not be present for Schizophrenia?

Answer 11

No schizoaffective or mood disorder
No Substance abuse or medical condition
No relationship to autism to communication disorder

Question 12

What is persecution delusion?

Answer 12

Believe people are out to get you

Question 13

What is reference delusion?

Answer 13

Believe there are secret messages just for you

Question 14

What is Grandeur delusion?

Answer 14

Believe you are better than you are eg Jesus

Question 15

What is delusion of sin?

Answer 15

Believe you are evil

Question 16

What is hypochrondrical delusion?

Answer 16

Believe you are sick

Question 17

What is nihilistic delusion?

Answer 17

Believe the world is going to end

Question 18

What is somatic passivity delusion?

Answer 18

Made to feel things that you shouldn’t

Question 19

What is thought insertion delusion?

Answer 19

Believe someone is putting thoughts in your head

Question 20

What is thought broadcasting delusion?

Answer 20

Believe everyone can see your thoughts

Question 21

What is “made” feelings delusion?

Answer 21

Believe you are not having your own feelings

Question 22

What is “made” impulses delusion?

Answer 22

Believe you are being made to do things

Question 23

What is capgras syndrome delusion?

Answer 23

Believe that other peoples bodies have been taken over

Question 24

What is contard’s syndrome delusion?

Answer 24

Believe you have impossible body changes eg no heart

Question 25

What is loosening of association?

Answer 25

Difficulty transferring thoughts to sppech

Question 26

What is neologism?

Answer 26

Use of nonwords eg Head vice for head ache

Question 27

What is word salad?

Answer 27

Use of random words

Question 28

What is perservation?

Answer 28

Repeating the same point over and over

Question 29

What is circumstantiality speech?

Answer 29

Getting of the topic

Question 30

What is tangentiality speech?

Answer 30

Getting of topic and never getting back to it

Question 31

What types of disturbances of perception exist?

Answer 31

Auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile

Question 32

What is restricted affect?

Answer 32

Reduced outward display of emotion

Question 33

What is blunted affect?

Answer 33

Limited display of emotion

Question 34

What is flat affect?

Answer 34

No outward display of emotion

Question 35

What is catatonic stupor?

Answer 35

No or slow movement

Question 36

What is catatonic rigidity?

Answer 36

Adopting poses for long periods of time

Question 37

What are indications of Type I Schizophrenia?

Answer 37

Sudden onset, no brain damage, no negative symptoms, good drug response

Question 38

What is Type II Schizophrenia?

Answer 38

Slower onset, reduced intelligence, brain abnormality, negative symptoms, poor drug response

Question 39

Describe the three phases of Schizophrenia.

Answer 39

Prodromal: some unusual behaviours
Active: Behaviours are extreme and unable to function
Residual: some recovery

Question 40

What is Schizophreniform Disorder?

Answer 40

Symptoms exist for 1 month to 6 months but no social/occupational dysfunction

Question 41

What is schizoaffective disorder?

Answer 41

Mood disturbance is present

Question 42

What is Delusional disorder?

Answer 42

One or more delusions but no other symptoms

Question 43

What is a Brief Psychotic Disorder?

Answer 43

Symtoms present for less than one month.

Question 44

What is the Biological view for the aetiology of Schizophrenia?

Answer 44

Genetics: likely to have polygenic influences
Family studies: MZ 48%, DZ (17%)
Biochemical abnomalities: Dopamine hypothesis, but drugs that don’t affect dopamine have an influence eg clozapine
Structural brain changes: enlarged venticles. decreased volume brain size, reduced activity in frontal lobes

Question 45

What is the Neurodevelopment view for the aetiology of Schizophrenia?

Answer 45

Fetal development: obstetric complications and maternal infection
Maternal Stress
Post natal brain injuries before the age of 10

Question 46

What is the Behavioural view for the aetiology of Schizophrenia?

Answer 46

Failure to attend to social views, learned bizarre behaviours from parents

Question 47

What is the Psychosocial view for the aetiology of Schizophrenia?

Answer 47

Family: Schizophenogenic mother, Double blind communication (I love you with disgusted face), family structure and communication deviance
Expressed emotion: criticism, hostility and emotional over involvement. High EE leads to increased relapse

Question 48

What treatments are used for Schizophrenia?

Answer 48

Psychosocial intervention: CBT, Broad rehabilitation approach, family interventions
Somatic treatments: anti-psychotics but side effect of taradine dyskinesia (gritted face)
Community Approach: deinstitualisation