Childhood and Eating Disorders Flashcards
What is Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
Angry, defiant, vindictive behaviour
What is Conduct Disorder?
Persistent and repetitive pattern of rule violation
What is Enuress Disorder?
Urine related
What is Encopresis Disorder?
Poo related
What presents in early childhood?
- Sleeping problems
- Toileting
- Learning disabilities
- Pervasive development disorders
What presents in middle childhood?
- Conduct problems
- ADHD
- Anxiety
- Repetition
Somatic complaints
What presents in adolescence?
- Substance use
- Mood regulation
- Eating disorders
- Schizophrenia
What are external disorders?
Conduct disorder, ADHD. Symptoms are identifiable by others
What are internal disorders?
Anxiety depression
What demographic factors affect disorders?
- Step family/blended family
- Sole parent family
- Low income household
- Parents not in paid employment
Associated features of parents of child with disorders?
- Parenting style (control, warmth)
- Mental illness
- Temporal fit
- Genetics
- Modelling
- Cultural factors (migrants)
Associated features of child with Disorders?
- Speech and language problems
- Temperament
- Physical illness
What treatment is used for ADHD?
Psychostimulants normally increase CNS activity but calms ADHD patients. Side affects: depressed appetite, increased heart rate, sleeping difficulties, motor ticks BUT behaviour therapy is as affective in long term.
What treatment is used for Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
Behaviour Family Therapy: Reward positive behavoiurand ignore negative
What is used to treat Conduct Disorders?
Multisystemic Therapy - delivered in natural environment, family driven, attention on social networks and several hours a week
What is used to treat adolescent depression?
Fluoxetine, CBT, combined and placebo. Best treatment is combined
What are Intellectual Disabilities?
Intellectual functioning, adaptive functioning
What are Language Disorders?
Reduced vocal and limited sentence structure
What are Speech Sound Disorder?
Limited effective communication. Interference with speech intelligibility
What is childhood Onset Fluency Disorder?
Stuttering
What is Social Pragmatic Communication Disorder?
Social use of verbal and non-verbal communication
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
- Deficits in social communication and social interaction
- Restricted, repetitive behavour interest and activities
What is ADHD? (Combined, inattention or hyperactive)
Inattention: - Careless mistakes - Difficulty sustaining attention - Does not listen - Does not follow instructions - Difficulties organising tasks - Reluctance for tasks that require sustained efforts - Losses things - Easily distracted - Forgetful in daily activities Hyperactivity and Impulsivity: - Fidgets - Leaves seat when inappropriate - Unable to engage in activities quietly - Talks excessively - Blurts our answers - Difficulty waiting turn
What is Specific Learning Disorder?
Difficulty learning and using academic skills
What is Pica?
Eating non-nutritive and non-food substances
What is Rumination Disorder?
Repeated regurgitation of food
What is Avoidance/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder?
Not eating enough to sustain energy and development
What is Binge Eating Disorder?
Eating excessive amounts with a lack of control for greater than one week and less than 3 months with no compensatory behaviour
What is Anorexia Nervosa?
Significantly low weight BMI
What is Bulimia?
Binge eating with inappropriate compensatory behaviour
What is the Psychological view of the aeitiology of Anorexia and Bulimia?
- Perfectionism: Self critical with unrealistic high standards
- Lack of interoceptive awareness - no sense of being full
- Depression
- Low self-esteem/negative body image
What is the Dietary Restraint view of the aeitiology of Anorexia and Bulimia?
- Inappropriate dieting - binge eating
- Quick fix dieting - disappointment and self criticism
What is the Biological view of the aeitiology of Anorexia and Bulimia?
- Weight set points
- Genetic factors
What is the treatment for Anorexia?
- Help patient gain weight
- Address eating and personal difficulties
- Family based treatments - family refeeds and anorexia is externalised into battle
- Maudsley Model: After refeeding transfer of control is shifted to patient. Final stage is to address other mental health symptoms. Can take up to 12 months and 4000/cal per day.
What is the treatment for Bulimia?
- CBT
- Interpersonal psychotherapy
- Antidepressant medication (last resort)
