Childhood and Eating Disorders

Question 1

What is Oppositional Defiant Disorder?

Answer 1

Angry, defiant, vindictive behaviour

Question 2

What is Conduct Disorder?

Answer 2

Persistent and repetitive pattern of rule violation

Question 3

What is Enuress Disorder?

Answer 3

Urine related

Question 4

What is Encopresis Disorder?

Answer 4

Poo related

Question 5

What presents in early childhood?

Answer 5

• Sleeping problems
• Toileting
• Learning disabilities
• Pervasive development disorders

Question 6

What presents in middle childhood?

Answer 6

• Conduct problems
• ADHD
• Anxiety
• Repetition
  Somatic complaints

Question 7

What presents in adolescence?

Answer 7

• Substance use
• Mood regulation
• Eating disorders
• Schizophrenia

Question 8

What are external disorders?

Answer 8

Conduct disorder, ADHD. Symptoms are identifiable by others

Question 9

What are internal disorders?

Answer 9

Anxiety depression

Question 10

What demographic factors affect disorders?

Answer 10

• Step family/blended family
• Sole parent family
• Low income household
• Parents not in paid employment

Question 11

Associated features of parents of child with disorders?

Answer 11

• Parenting style (control, warmth)
• Mental illness
• Temporal fit
• Genetics
• Modelling
• Cultural factors (migrants)

Question 12

Associated features of child with Disorders?

Answer 12

• Speech and language problems
• Temperament
• Physical illness

Question 13

What treatment is used for ADHD?

Answer 13

Psychostimulants normally increase CNS activity but calms ADHD patients. Side affects: depressed appetite, increased heart rate, sleeping difficulties, motor ticks BUT behaviour therapy is as affective in long term.

Question 14

What treatment is used for Oppositional Defiant Disorder?

Answer 14

Behaviour Family Therapy: Reward positive behavoiurand ignore negative

Question 15

What is used to treat Conduct Disorders?

Answer 15

Multisystemic Therapy - delivered in natural environment, family driven, attention on social networks and several hours a week

Question 16

What is used to treat adolescent depression?

Answer 16

Fluoxetine, CBT, combined and placebo. Best treatment is combined

Question 17

What are Intellectual Disabilities?

Answer 17

Intellectual functioning, adaptive functioning

Question 18

What are Language Disorders?

Answer 18

Reduced vocal and limited sentence structure

Question 19

What are Speech Sound Disorder?

Answer 19

Limited effective communication. Interference with speech intelligibility

Question 20

What is childhood Onset Fluency Disorder?

Answer 20

Stuttering

Question 21

What is Social Pragmatic Communication Disorder?

Answer 21

Social use of verbal and non-verbal communication

Question 22

What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Answer 22

• Deficits in social communication and social interaction

- Restricted, repetitive behavour interest and activities

Question 23

What is ADHD? (Combined, inattention or hyperactive)

Answer 23

Inattention: 
- Careless mistakes
- Difficulty sustaining attention
- Does not listen
- Does not follow instructions
- Difficulties organising tasks
- Reluctance for tasks that require sustained efforts
- Losses things
- Easily distracted
- Forgetful in daily activities
Hyperactivity and Impulsivity:
- Fidgets
- Leaves seat when inappropriate
- Unable to engage in activities quietly
- Talks excessively
- Blurts our answers
- Difficulty waiting turn

Question 24

What is Specific Learning Disorder?

Answer 24

Difficulty learning and using academic skills

Question 25

What is Pica?

Answer 25

Eating non-nutritive and non-food substances

Question 26

What is Rumination Disorder?

Answer 26

Repeated regurgitation of food

Question 27

What is Avoidance/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder?

Answer 27

Not eating enough to sustain energy and development

Question 28

What is Binge Eating Disorder?

Answer 28

Eating excessive amounts with a lack of control for greater than one week and less than 3 months with no compensatory behaviour

Question 29

What is Anorexia Nervosa?

Answer 29

Significantly low weight BMI

Question 30

What is Bulimia?

Answer 30

Binge eating with inappropriate compensatory behaviour

Question 31

What is the Psychological view of the aeitiology of Anorexia and Bulimia?

Answer 31

• Perfectionism: Self critical with unrealistic high standards
• Lack of interoceptive awareness - no sense of being full
• Depression
• Low self-esteem/negative body image

Question 32

What is the Dietary Restraint view of the aeitiology of Anorexia and Bulimia?

Answer 32

• Inappropriate dieting - binge eating

- Quick fix dieting - disappointment and self criticism

Question 33

What is the Biological view of the aeitiology of Anorexia and Bulimia?

Answer 33

• Weight set points

- Genetic factors

Question 34

What is the treatment for Anorexia?

Answer 34

• Help patient gain weight
• Address eating and personal difficulties
• Family based treatments - family refeeds and anorexia is externalised into battle
• Maudsley Model: After refeeding transfer of control is shifted to patient. Final stage is to address other mental health symptoms. Can take up to 12 months and 4000/cal per day.

Question 35

What is the treatment for Bulimia?

Answer 35

• CBT
• Interpersonal psychotherapy
• Antidepressant medication (last resort)