Schizophrenia Flashcards
psychosis
state defined by loss of contact with reality
DSM criteria
two or more or following and must have one of first 3
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized speech
- grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
- negative symptoms
present for at least 6 months
schizophrenia
psychotic symptoms for 6 months or more
brief psychotic disorder
if symptoms last less than 1 month
schizophreniform disorder
if symptoms last 1-6 months
schizoaffective disorder
marked symptoms of both schizophrenia and mood disorder
population aspects
- affects about 1% of populations across cultures
- equal in men and women - onset age is 23 for men, 28 for women
- 3% of divorced people suffer from schizophrenia at some point in their lives (marital problems might be a cause or a result)
positive symptoms
pathological excesses or bizarre additions to a person’s behavior
- excesses of thought emotion, or behavior
- delusions, hallucinations, disordered thinking/speech, heightened perceptions/feelings of senses being flooded, inappropriate affect
negative symptoms
pathological deficits of thought, emotion or behavior
- poverty of speech, restricted affect, loss of volition, social withdrawal, deficits of attention and perception
psychomotor symptoms
symptoms related to physical movements
- awkward movements, repeated grimaces, odd gestures, catatonia
type 1 schizophrenia
dominated by positive symptoms
type 2 schizophrenia
dominated by negative symptoms
outcomes
25% of patients recover; 75% have chronic, persistent problems
best chance to recover
the people with good premorbid functioning are most likely to recover
biological causes
- genetics, can be passed down
environmental influences
people with emotionally expressed family member are 4x more likely to relapse
treatment
used to be institutionalized and sometimes lobotomized
antipsychotic medications
usually first line of treatment and more effective than any other treatment used alone
- treats positive symptoms better than the negative symptoms
psychotherapy
family therapy is important aspect of this
failures of community approach
40-60% of those with severe mental illness receive no treatment
