Savarese CH 1: The basics

Question 1

What is the definition of Somatic Dysfunction?

Answer 1

“Somatic dysfunction is an impairment or altered function of related component of the somatic (body framework) system: Skeletal, arthroidial, and myofascial structures and related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements.”

Question 2

Somatic dysfunction presents as:

Answer 2

TART: 
Tissue Texture Changes
Asymmetry
Restriction
Tenderness (subjective)

Question 3

TART in an Acute Injury:

Answer 3

T: Edematous, erythematous, boggy w/increased moisture. Muscles hypertonic.
A: Present
R: Present, painful with movement
T: Severe, sharp

Question 4

TART in a Chronic Injury:

Answer 4

T: Decreased or no edema, no erythema, cool dry skin with slight tension. Decreased muscle tone, flaccid, ropy, fibrotic.
A: Present with compensation in other areas of the body
R: Present, decreased or no pain
T: Dull, achy, burning

Question 5

What is Fryette’s Law #1

Answer 5

In the neutral position: 
Side bending precedes rotation,
side bending and rotation occur to OPPOSITE sides.
For GROUP curves of thoracic and Lumbar 
(Neutral means no flexion or extension)

Question 6

Describe Fryette’s Law #2

Answer 6

In an Non-neutral (flexed or extended) position:
Rotation precedes sidebending;
Sidebending and rotation occur to the SAME side.
SINGLE vertebrae segments

Question 7

Who proposed Fryette’s Law #3

Answer 7

C.R. Nelson in 1948

Question 8

What is Fryett’es law #3?

Answer 8

“Initiating motion at any vertebral segment in any one plane of motion will modify the mobility of that segment in the other two planes of motion.”

Question 9

Write the Diagnosis:

L2 is restricted in F, SB to the right and R to the left.

Answer 9

L2 E RL SL

Question 10

Write the Diagnosis:

T5-10 is restricted in SB to the left and R to the right

Answer 10

T5-10 N SR RL

Question 11

If a vertebrae is rotated right, and your thumbs level out when the patient is in flexion, what does this mean for the diagnosis?

Answer 11

The segment is flexed. F Rr Sr

Question 12

What is the orientation of the superior facets in cervical vertebrae?

Answer 12

Backward, Upward, Medial

mnemonic: BUM

Question 13

What is the orientation of the superior facets in the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 13

Backward, upward, lateral

Mnemonic: BUL

Question 14

What is the orientation of the superior facets in the lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 14

Backward, medial

Question 15

Why is it important to know facet orientation?

Answer 15

Facet orientation will determine the motion of the vertebral segments

Question 16

What is an Isotonic muscle contraction?

Answer 16

Muscle contraction that results in the approximation of the muscle’s origin and insertion WITHOUT a change in its tension. In such a case the operator’s force is less that the patient’s force.

Question 17

What is an Isometric Contraction?

Answer 17

Muscle contraction that results in the INCREASE in tension WITHOUT an approximation of origin and insertion. In such a case, the operator’s force and the patient’s force are equal.

Question 18

What is an Isolytic muscle contraction?

Answer 18

Muscle contraction against resistance WHILE FORCING the muscle to lengthen. In such a case, the operator’s force is more than the patient’s force.

Question 19

What is a concentric muscle contraction?

Answer 19

Muscle contraction that results in the approximation of the muscle’s origin and insertion.

Question 20

What is an eccentric muscle contraction?

Answer 20

Lengthening of muscle during contraction due to an external force.

Question 21

Is Myofascial Release Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 21

Direct and indirect (Both) and active and passive (both)

Question 22

Is Coutnerstrain Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 22

Indirect, passive

Question 23

Is Facilitated Positional Release Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 23

Indirect, Passive

Question 24

Is Muscle Energy Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 24

Direct (rarely indirect), active

Question 25

Is High Velocity Low Amplitude Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 25

Direct, Passive

Question 26

Is Osteopathy in the Cranial Field Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 26

Both, Passive

Question 27

Is lymphatic Treatment Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 27

Direct, Passive

Question 28

Is Chapman’s reflexes Direct or Indirect and Active or passive?

Answer 28

Direct, Passive