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D&T 3 test 2 > Saroj 2 > Flashcards

Saroj 2 Flashcards

1
Q

how do you diagnose sarcoidosis

A

diagnosis of exclusion

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2
Q

Sarcoidosis occurs more commonly in who

A

women
african american
southeast US

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3
Q

what are immunologic and genetic abnormalitlies of sarcoidosis

A 
-CD4
 IL2
IL8
 TNF
macrophage inflammatory protein
  increased
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4
Q

histo for sarcoidosis? types of cells seen?

A

noncaseating granulomas

  • epithelioid cells
  • langhans
  • Schaumann bodies
  • asteroid bodies
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5
Q

The granulomas in sarcoidosis may be replaced by

A

firbrous scars

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6
Q

how are the lungs impacted in Sarcoidosis?

A

-bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy or lung involvment

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7
Q

granulomas are in close proximity to what in lungs in sarcoidosis

A

lymphatics, bronchi, and blood vessels

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8
Q

lesions in lung in Sarcoidosis tend to produce what

A

interstitial fibrosis

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9
Q

what yields to a high diagnostic yield for sarcoidosis

A

bronchoscopic biopsies

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10
Q

what lymph nodes are involved with sarcoidosis? what happens to them

A

hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes

- calcified

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11
Q

how is the liver impacted in sarcoidosis

A

granulomas in portal tarcts

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12
Q

which part of the bodies bone marrow is impacted by sarcoidosis

A

hands and feet

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13
Q

how is eye impacted by sarcoidosis

A

Mikulicz syndrome

Iritis and Dacroadenitis

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14
Q

Dacroadenitis

A

lacrimal gland inflammation

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15
Q

Mikulicz syndrome

A

lacrimal gland involvement + bilateral parotid, submaxillary and sublingual glands

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16
Q

what is chest x-ray sarcoidosis

A

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

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17
Q

clinical symptoms for sarcoidosis

A

dyspnea
cough
chest pain
maybe hemotpysis

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18
Q

what is prognosis for sarcoidosis

A

2/3 recover

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19
Q

who has the best prognosis for sarcoidosis

A

patients with hilar lymphadenopathy only

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20
Q

who has fewer remission

A

patients with pulmonary disease only

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21
Q

what is hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

immunologically-mediated disorders

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22
Q

etiology for hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

prolonged exposure to inhaled organic dusts and occupational antigens

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23
Q

What type of hypersensitivity reactions are seen in hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

Type III - immune complex

Type IV - delayed type

24
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis: farmers lung

A

inhaled spores of thermophilic actinomycetes

25
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis: pigeon breeder’s lung

A

inhaled proteins from feathers or excretion

26
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis: humidifier lung

A

inhaled thermophilic bacteria from heated water reservoirs

27
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis what is on histo slide

A
  1. chronic interstitial pneumonitis with lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages
  2. noncaseating granulomas
  3. interstitial fibrosis and HONEYCOMBING
28
Q

when do acute attacks occur for hypersensitivity pneumonitis? what is a clinical symptoms

A

in previously sensitized patient

-fever

29
Q

when do symptoms begin after re-exposure

A

4-6 hours

30
Q

clinical symptoms for chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis? how does this impact lung

A

dyspnea CYANOSIS

decrease lung compliance and lung capacity

31
Q

Pulmonary Eosinophilia: acute: most likely etiology

A

hypersensitivity response to inhaled antigen ( not drugs or food)

32
Q

clinical features for Pulmonary Eosinophilia: acute:

A

rapid fever
hypoxemia
respiratory failure

33
Q

Another name for Pulmonary Eosinophilia: simple pulmonary eosinophilia

A

Loeffler’s syndrome

34
Q

what is the most likely etiology for Loeffler’s syndrome

A

hypersensitivity to food or drugs (sulfa drugs)

35
Q

X- ray for Pulmonary Eosinophilia: simple pulmonary eosinophilia

A

prominent irregular lung densitites

36
Q

what is in the blood for leoffler’s syndrome

A

blood eosinophilia

37
Q

Pulmonary Eosinophilia: secondary pulmonary eosinophilia: seen in what type of infections

A

parasitic
bacterial
fungal

38
Q

Pulmonary Eosinophilia: secondary pulmonary eosinophilia is associated with what

A

asthma

allergic bronchopulomary aspergillosis

39
Q

Pulmonary Eosinophilia: chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: associated with?

A

autoimmune disease: rheumatoid arthritis

40
Q

what is the histo for Pulmonary Eosinophilia: chronic pulmonary eosinophilia

A

lymphocytic and eosinophilic

41
Q

clinical feature for Pulmonary Eosinophilia: chronic pulmonary eosinophilia

A

high fever

42
Q

Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis is related to

A

smoking interstitial disease

43
Q

What is morphology for Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis

A

alveoli filled with numerous pigment-laden macrophages ( “smokers” macrophage)

44
Q

when do Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis symptoms begin

A

4 or 5 decade

45
Q

gender Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis

A

male

46
Q

treatment Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis

A

steroid

47
Q

what is histo for respiratory bronchiolitis - associated interstitial lung disease

A

respiratory bronchioles

alveoli with ‘smokers’ macrophages

48
Q

onset and gender respiratory bronchiolitis - associated interstitial lung disease

A

men

4 and 5 decade

49
Q

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: acquired PAP due to

A

granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) antibodies
- causes impaired surfactant clearance

50
Q

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: secondary PAP etiologies include

A

silicosis

immunodeficiency syndromes

51
Q

morphology of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

A
  • marked increase in lung size and weight
  • PAS +
  • cholesterol clefts
  • minimal inflammation
52
Q

X-ray for Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

A
  • consolidation
53
Q

insidious onset Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

A

dyspnea

productive cough with gelatinous material

54
Q

what is mortality in congenital PAP

A

fatal

55
Q

what is used to remove alveolar precipitate

A

bronchoalveolar lavage

56
Q

are schuamann and asteroid bodies pathogenic for sarcoidosis

A

no

D&T 3 test 2 (14 decks)

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