Cystic Fibrosis and Tuberculosis Flashcards
What is the most common lethal genetic disease in Caucasians
Cystic fibrosis
how is cystic fibrosis inherited
autosomal recessive
what chromosome is cystic fibrosis on
chromosome 7
what is the gene product for cystic fibrosis?
CF transmembrane conductance regulator ( CFTR)
How do 70% of mutations occur in cystic fibrosis
3 nucleotide deletion
- delete a single amino acid
- delta F508
What are the major organs affected in cystic fibrosis
lung and exocrine glands ( pancreas and small intestines)
what are lung and upper respiratory findings in cystic fibrosis
- chronic cough with sputum secretion
- chronic wheezing
- chronic pansinusitis
- nalal polyposis
- strep. pneumo as an infant
what are GI problems and hormonla probelms with cystic fibrosis
- meconium ileus (MI) intestinal blockage
- pancreatic insufficiency
- liver disease
- delayed puberty
what is seen in X-ray of cystic fibrosis
accumulation of neutrophils
what is the most common bacteria to cause cystic fibrosis
P. aeruginosa
Is p. aeruginosa gram positive or negative
negative
what is the shape of p. aeruginosa
rod shape
What does p. aeruginosa produce
"grape-like odor" produces biofilm (polysacharide)
Alginate produces what
mucoidy
what is required for alginate to replicate
lot of cellular energy
what encloses bacteria in biofilm? Where is biofilm found?
exopolysaccharide matrix enclosed bacterial COMMUNITY, different from bacteria in suspension
-biofilms is found every UBIQUITOUS
what are clinical manifestations of CF (3)
- localized lung infection: excessive neutrophil infiltration
- infection around bronchi and bronchioles
- malnutrition
What is used to treat cystic fibrosis? how is the pseudo treated
- inhaled tobramycin and oral azithromycin
- combination therapy for pseudo: penicillin, ticarcillin or piperacillin, plus aminoglycosdie ( gentamicin or amikacin)
is Psuedo resistant to many durgs
YES
What is the second and first most common infectious cause of death in adults worldwide
- Tuberculosos 2
- HIV 1
where does mycoplasma tuberculosis reside in body
macrophages and monocytes
Where does secondary TB usually occur in lung
apex of lung
tuberculosis describe the bacteria
- gram + like cell wall
- aerobic rod `
what is tuberculosis bacteria resistant to
drying
chemical
germicides
