Sanskrit J

Question 1

Jaina (sometimes Jain)

Answer 1

pertaining to the jinas (“conquerors”), the liberated adepts of Jainism; a member of Jainism, the spiritual tradition founded by Vardhamana Mahavira, a contemporary of Gautama the Buddha

Question 2

Japa (“muttering”)

Answer 2

the recitation of mantras

Question 3

Jiva-atman, jivatman (“individual self”)

Answer 3

the individuated consciousness, as opposed to the ultimate Self (parama-atman)

Question 4

Jivan-mukta (“he who is liberated while alive”)

Answer 4

an adept who, while still embodied, has attained liberation (moksha)

Question 5

Jivan-mukti (“living liberation”)

Answer 5

the state of liberation while being embodied; cf. videha-mukti

Question 6

Jnana (“knowledge/wisdom”)

Answer 6

both worldly knowledge or world-transcending wisdom, depending on the context; see also prajna; cf. avidya

Question 7

Jnana-Yoga (“Yoga of wisdom”)

Answer 7

the path to liberation based on wisdom, or the direct intuition of the transcendental Self (atman) through the steady application of discernment between the Real and the unreal and renunciation of what has been identified as unreal (or inconsequential to the achievement of liberation)