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HS233 Social Sciences Research > Sampling > Flashcards

Sampling Flashcards

1
Q

What is sampling?

A

The process of selecting observations in research is called sampling.

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2
Q

Why do we need sampling?

A
  • Population is too large to recruit (e.g Canadian population)
  • Population is too dispersed or difficult to contact
  • To get results quickly – (ex. opinion polls)

Key to sampling – get a “Representative Sample”

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3
Q

Sampling

A
  • Sample is a special subset of a population that is observed for purposes of making inferences about the nature of the total population itself
  • Sampling is the process of selecting observations

There are two major types of sampling:
• probability and non-probability sampling

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4
Q

Probability Sampling

A

Probability sampling techniques, involve random sampling
• Specific sampling techniques can allow us to determine or control the likelihood of specific individuals being selected for the study
• Even though, probability sampling is quite precise, it is not always possible to use probability sampling techniques

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5
Q

Non-Probability Sampling

A

Non-probability sampling, which does not have random selection

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6
Q

Main Types of Non-Probability Sampling

A
  • Quota sampling
  • Reliance on available subjects
  • Purposive/judgmental sampling
  • Snowball sampling
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7
Q

Main Types of Non-Probability Sampling - Quota Sampling

A

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8
Q

Main Types of Non-Probability Sampling - Reliance on Available Subjects

A

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9
Q

Main Types of Non-Probability Sampling - Purposive/Judgemental Sampling

A

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10
Q

Main Types of Non-Probability Sampling - Snowball Sampling

A

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11
Q

Probability Sampling

A
  • The main logic of probability sampling is to improve representation of its population if all members of that population have an equal chance of being selected in the sample.
  • It tries to make the sample as more approximate as possible to the general population.
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12
Q

Main Rules of Probability Sampling

A
  • Larger the sample, the more confidence we have in the sample’s representativeness.
  • Representative sampling and random sampling are two techniques used to help ensure data is free of bias.
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13
Q

Main Types of Probability Sampling

A
  • Simple random sampling
  • Systematic random sampling
  • Stratified sampling
  • Cluster sampling
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14
Q

Main Types of Probability Sampling - Simple Random Sampling

A

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15
Q

Main Types of Probability Sampling - Systematic Random Sampling

A

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16
Q

Main Types of Probability Sampling - Stratified Sampling

A

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17
Q

Main Types of Probability Sampling - Cluster Sampling

A

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HS233 Social Sciences Research (20 decks)

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