Salbutamol Flashcards
Presentation
5 mg in 2.5 ml polyamp
pMDI (100 mcg per actuation)
Pharmacology
Synthetic beta adrenergic stimulant with primarily beta 2 effects
- Causes bronchodilatation
Metabolism
- by the liver
- excreted by the kidneys
Indications
Respiratory distress with suspected bronchospasm
- asthma
- severe allergic reactions
- COPD
- smoke inhalation
- oleoresin capsicum spray exposure
Contraindications
NIL of significance in the above indications
Precautions
Large doses of salbutamol have been reported to cause intracellular metabolic acidosis
Route of administration
- nebulised
- pMDI
Side effects
- sinus tachycardia
- muscle tremor (common)
Special notes
- nebules/polyamps have a shelf life of one month after the wrapping is opened. The date of opening should be recorded and drug stored < 30 degrees C
- infrequently used - salbutamol IV infusion during interhospital transfer of some women in premature labour - dose must be prescribed and signed by referring medical practitioner
Nebulisied effects
onset: 5-15 mins
Peak: n/a
Duration: 15-50 mins
Asthma - Adult
Mild/moderate Adult
- 4-12 doses pMDI
- repeat @ 20 mins until symptoms resolve
- 4 breaths for each dose
Severe Adult
- 10 mg nebulised
- repeat 5 mg nebulised @ 5 min until symptoms resolve
Asthma - peadiatric
Mild/moderate - >/= 6 yrs
- 4-12 doses pMDI
- repeat @ 20 mins until symptoms resolve
- 4 breaths for each dose
Mild/moderate - 2-5 yrs
- 2 - 6 doses pMDI
- repeat @ 20 mins until symptoms resolve
- 4 breaths for each dose
Severe - medium child
- 2.5 - 5 mg nebulised
- repeat @ 20 min until symptoms resolve
Severe - small child
- 2.5 mg nebulised
- repeat @ 20 min until symptoms resolve
Critical - all children 2-11 yrs
- 10 mg nebulised
- repeat @ 5 min until symptoms resolve
Anaphylaxis - Bronchospasm
Mild/moderate Adult
- 4-12 doses pMDI
- repeat @ 20 mins until symptoms resolve
- 4 breaths for each dose
Severe Adult
- 10 mg nebulised
- repeat 5 mg nebulised @ 5 min until symptoms resolve
Mild/moderate - >/= 6 yrs
- 4-12 doses pMDI
- repeat @ 20 mins until symptoms resolve
- 4 breaths for each dose
Mild/moderate - 2-5 yrs
- 2 - 6 doses pMDI
- repeat @ 20 mins until symptoms resolve
- 4 breaths for each dose
Severe - medium child
- 2.5 - 5 mg nebulised
- repeat @ 20 min until symptoms resolve
Severe - small child
- 2.5 mg nebulised
- repeat @ 20 min until symptoms resolve
Critical - all children 2-11 yrs
- 10 mg nebulised
- repeat @ 5 min until symptoms resolve
Exacerbation of COPD
Irrespective of severity
- 10 mg nebulised
- single dose only