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Y4R3 - Medicine II 🩺 > S4: Cerebellum & Ataxia > Flashcards

S4: Cerebellum & Ataxia Flashcards

1
Q

The Cerebellum is Divided Anatomically into …..

A
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2
Q

The Cerebellum is Divided Histologically into …..

A
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3
Q

The Cerebellum is Divided Phylogenetically into …..

A
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4
Q

Compare Between Archi-Cerebellum & Paleo-Cerebellum & Neo-Cerebellum

A
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5
Q

Compare Between Archi-Cerebellum & Paleo-Cerebellum & Neo-Cerebellum

  • Consists of ….
A
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6
Q

Compare Between Archi-Cerebellum & Paleo-Cerebellum & Neo-Cerebellum

  • Phylogenitically
A
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7
Q

Compare Between Archi-Cerebellum & Paleo-Cerebellum & Neo-Cerebellum

  • Connected With
A
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8
Q

Compare Between Archi-Cerebellum & Paleo-Cerebellum & Neo-Cerebellum

  • Function
A
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9
Q

Compare Between Archi-Cerebellum & Paleo-Cerebellum & Neo-Cerebellum

  • Dysfunction
A
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10
Q

What are cerebellar syndromes?

A
  • Archi-Cereberallar Syndrome
  • Neo-Cerebellar syndrome
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11
Q

CP of Archi-Cerebellar Syndrome

A
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12
Q

CP of Neo-Cerebellar Syndrome

A
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13
Q

CP of Neo-Cerebellar Syndrome

  • Disturbance of Integration of voluntary moter characterized by ….
A
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14
Q

CP of Neo-Cerebellar Syndrome

  • Disturbance of compound movement:
A
  • Asthenia (Usually subjective).
  • Hypermetria and Hypometria.
  • Decomposition of movement.
  • Adiadochokinesia: Disturbance in patient’s ability to perform rapid alternative movements.
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15
Q

CP of Neo-Cerebellar Syndrome

  • Disturbance of muscle tone:
A

Hypotonia

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16
Q

Def of Ataxia

A
  • Incoordination of voluntary motor activity with or without disequilibrium in absence of
    motor weakness.
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17
Q

Types of Ataxia

A

1) Cerebellar ataxia.
2) Sensory ataxia.
3) Vestibular ataxia.
4) Combined ataxia.
5) Hysterical ataxia.

18
Q

Causes of Cerebellar Ataxia

A
  • Heredofamilial (i.e. hereditary ataxia)
  • Symptomatic
19
Q

Causes of Cerebellar Ataxia

  • Heredofamilial
A

Heredofamilial (i.e. hereditary ataxia)

  • Friedreich’s ataxia.
  • Marie’s ataxia.
20
Q

Causes of Cerebellar Ataxia

  • Symptomatic
A
21
Q

Def of Heredofamilial Ataxias

A
22
Q

Site of degeneration in Friedrich’s Ataxia

A
  • Spino-cerebellum.
  • Posterior column.
  • Pyramidal tract.
  • Peripheral nerves.
23
Q

Age in Friedrich’s Ataxia

A

The 1st decade.

24
Q

Onset in Friedrich’s Ataxia

A

Gradual.

25
Q

Course in Friedrich’s Ataxia

A

Slowly progressive.

26
Q

CP in Friedrich’s Ataxia

A
27
Q

Friedrich’s Ataxia is associated with …..

A
28
Q

Sites of Degeneration in Marie’s Ataxia

A
  • Olive, Pontine nuclei.
  • Neo-cerebellum.
29
Q

Age in Marie’s Ataxia

A

The 2nd and 3rd decades.

30
Q

Onset of Marie’s Ataxia

A

Gradual

31
Q

Course of Marie’s Ataxia

A

Slowly Progressive

32
Q

CP of Marie’s Ataxia

A
  1. Neo-cerebellar syndrome.
  2. Preservation of deep reflexes.
  3. Extensor planter response.
33
Q

Marie’s Ataxia is associated with

A
  1. Ocular nerve palsies.
  2. Mental impairment.
  3. Extra-pyramidal syndromes.
34
Q

INVx for Heredofamilial Ataxia

A
35
Q

INVx for Heredofamilial Ataxia

  • Non-Structural INVx
A
  • deficiency diseases, metabolic disorders, genetic…etc.
36
Q

INVx for Heredofamilial Ataxia

  • Structural INVx
A

Brain CT:
* Cerebellar hematoma, Large mass.

Brain MRI:
* Demyelination, Infarction, Congenital… etc.

37
Q

TTT of Heredofamilial Ataxia

A
  1. Physiotherary → For balance training.
  2. Specific treatments → In cases of well-known treatable causes.
  3. No specific pharmacotherapy → For hereditary ataxias.
38
Q

Def of Sensory Ataxia

A
  • It is due to interruption of the sensory pathways transmitting proprioceptive sensations.
39
Q

Causes of Sensory Ataxia

A
40
Q

Causes of Vestibular-Labyrinthine Ataxia

A
  1. Menier’s syndrome.
  2. Labyrinthitis: viral or toxic.
  3. Acoustic neuroma.

Y4R3 - Medicine II 🩺 (35 decks)

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