S2.4 From models to materials HL Flashcards
Condensation polymer
Polymer formed by the reaction between functional groups in each molecule with the release of a small molecule.
Functional group
Group of atoms present on a molecule that give characteristic physical and chemical properties to a compound.
Condensation reaction
A reaction where a small molecule such as water is produced as a by-product.
Polypeptides
Polypeptides are polymers that make up proteins from monomers
called amino acids.
Polyester
Common polymers formed through condensation polymerisation, which contain the ester functional group in each repeating unit of the polymer chain.
Polyamide
Polyamides form fibres that are strong allowing it to be used in
products such as ropes, seatbelts, camping equipment, carpets
and dental floss.
Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides are the polymers that make up sugars, such as
starch and cellulose
Polynucleotides
Your DNA, which is a type of genetic material, is formed through a condensation reaction that links nucleotide monomers together into polynucleotides.
How are polyesters represented from given monomer structures?
Polyesters are represented by reacting dicarboxylic acids with diols, forming ester functional groups in the polymer chain and releasing water molecules.
How are polyamides represented from given monomer structures?
Polyamides are represented by reacting dicarboxylic acids with diamines, forming amide functional groups in the polymer chain and releasing water molecules.
How to deduce the monomers of a polyester given its polymer structure?
Identify ester groups in the polymer chain to deduce the monomers: a dicarboxylic acid and a diol.
How to deduce the monomers of a polyamide given its polymer structure?
Identify amide groups in the polymer chain to deduce the monomers: a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine.
