S1.5 Ideal gases Flashcards
Ideal Gas
Ideal gases are assumed to consist of particles that have negligible volume and negligible attractive forces.
Describe the motion of gas particles in the ideal gas model.
Gas particles are in continuous, random, straight-line motion.
Are there significant forces of attraction between gas particles in the ideal gas model?
No, there are negligible forces of attraction between the particles.
How are collisions between gas particles or with container walls characterized in the ideal gas model?
Collisions are perfectly elastic, meaning no energy is lost.
How does the size of gas particles compare to the distance between them in the ideal gas model?
The distance between particles is much greater than the size of the particles, rendering their volume negligible.
What is the relationship between the average kinetic energy of gas particles and temperature in the ideal gas model?
The average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature in kelvin.
Do gases have a defined shape or volume in the ideal gas model?
No, gases have no defined shape or volume and require containment. Their behavior is influenced by volume, temperature, and pressure.
What impact does high pressure have on the ideal gas model?
High pressure causes gas particles to come closer together, making intermolecular forces significant and deviating from the ideal gas model’s assumption of negligible forces.
How do low temperatures affect the ideal gas model’s assumptions?
At low temperatures, particle movement is reduced, allowing intermolecular forces to significantly impact behavior, which deviates from the ideal gas model that ignores such forces.
Why do gases deviate from ideal behavior as they approach conditions where they can be liquefied?
Gases deviate from ideal behavior near liquefaction conditions due to the significant impact of intermolecular forces, which are not accounted for in the ideal gas model.
What is the molar volume of an ideal gas at STP?
At STP (0°C and 1 atm), the molar volume of an ideal gas is 22.4 L/mol.
What does Boyle’s Law describe?
Boyle’s Law describes the inverse relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature for a fixed mass of gas.
How does Charles’ Law relate volume and temperature?
Charles’ Law shows a direct proportional relationship between volume and temperature (in Kelvin) at constant pressure.
What relationship does Gay-Lussac’s Law illustrate?
Gay-Lussac’s Law illustrates the direct proportionality between pressure and temperature (in Kelvin) at constant volume.
How can graphs be used to analyze the behavior of gases?
Graphs visually demonstrate the relationships between pressure, volume, and temperature, illustrating the effects of changes in one variable on the others according to specific gas laws.
