Reactivity 2.3 — SL Flashcards
Physical equilibrium
The state of equilibrium in a physical change occurs when the rate of the forward process matches the rate of the reverse process.
Closed System
A system wherein only energy exchange is possible between the system and its surroundings.
Chemical equilibrium
It involves a reversible chemical change and occurs when the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
The equilibrium constant, K_c
The ratio of product to reactant concentrations in a reversible reaction when equilibrium is reached.
What does the magnitude of the equilibrium constant determine in a chemical reaction?
The magnitude of the equilibrium constant is used to determine the extent of the reaction, the composition of the equilibrium mixture, and to which side the equilibrium position lies.
What is Le Châtelier’s principle used to predict in a chemical equilibrium?
Le Châtelier’s principle is used to predict how a system at equilibrium responds to changes in concentration, temperature, and pressure.
What effect does a catalyst have on the equilibrium position of a reaction?
A catalyst increases the rate of the forward reaction and reverse reactions by the same amount, so it has no effect on the equilibrium position.
Homogeneous reaction
A homogeneous reaction is one in which all the reactants and products are in the same phase or state of matter (e.g., all gases, all liquids, or all solids).
The extent of reaction
The term that describes how far a reaction proceeds in either the forward or reverse direction
Macroscopic property
A macroscopic property is a property that can be observed with the unaided eye.
Reversible reaction
A reversible reaction is a reaction that proceeds in both the forward and reverse directions.
