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S1_L2: Cultural Competence Flashcards

1
Q

Culture as a process of automatically providing culturally congruent care to patients of diverse culture.

A

Unconscious competence

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2
Q

Culture as a process of learning about the patient’s culture, verifying generalizations about the patient’s culture, providing culturally specific interventions.

A

Conscious competence

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3
Q

Culture as a process of unawareness of one’s lack of knowledge about another culture.

A

Unconscious incompetence

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4
Q

Culture as a process of awareness of one’s lack of knowledge about another culture.

A

Conscious incompetence

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5
Q

An oversimplified conception, opinion, or belief about some aspect of an individual or group of people.

A

Stereotyping

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6
Q

Preconceived opinions that are not based on reason or actual experience.

A

Prejudice

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7
Q

It is the practice of extending the policies and practices of one group (usually the dominant one) to disenfranchised and minority groups.

A

Cultural Imperialism

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8
Q

It is the belief that the behaviors and practices of people should be judged only from the context of their own cultural system.

A

Cultural Relativism

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9
Q

Enumerate the 12 cultural domains of the Purnell Model

A
  1. Overview
  2. Communication
  3. Family Roles and Organization
  4. Workforce Issues
  5. Biocultural Ecology
  6. High-risk Behaviors
  7. Nutrition
  8. Pregnancy and Childbearing Practices
  9. Death Rituals
  10. Spirituality
  11. Healthcare Practices
  12. Healthcare Practitioner Concepts
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10
Q

It is a holistic, organizing framework that can aid health care professionals in assessing the cultural values, beliefs, behaviors, and healthcare practices of patients.

A

Purnell Model

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11
Q
  1. More centered towards the healthcare professional
  2. Healthcare professional continually strives to achieve the ability and availability to effectively work within the cultural context of a client

A. Purnell Model
B. Campinha-Bacote Model
C. Both
D. Neither

A
  1. B
  2. B
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12
Q
  1. Cultural competence is an ongoing journey of unremitting cultural encounters
  2. Focused/centered on the client & their characteristics

A. Purnell Model
B. Campinha-Bacote Model
C. Both
D. Neither

A
  1. B
  2. A
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13
Q

Enumerate the 5 constructs of the Campinha-Bacote Model

A
  1. Cultural desire
  2. Cultural awareness
  3. Cultural knowledge
  4. Cultural skill
  5. Cultural encounters
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14
Q

Elements of cultural competence:
1. Resist ___ attitudes
2. Adapt care to be ___ with clients’ culture

A
  1. judgmental
  2. congruent
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15
Q

Elements of cultural competence:
1. ___ in cultural encounters
2. Develop awareness of one’s own culture without having ___ from other backgrounds

A
  1. Comfort
  2. undue influence
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16
Q

Elements of cultural competence:
1. Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of client’s ___, health-related needs and meanings of health and illness
2. Accept and respect cultural ___

A
  1. culture
  2. differences
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17
Q

Elements of cultural competence:
1. Do not assume that healthcare providers’ beliefs are the ___ as the clients’
2. ___ to cultural encounters

A
  1. same
  2. Openness
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18
Q

A form of prejudice wherein a race is judged against their general characteristic without actual reason or experience.

A

Racism

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19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Negative behaviors in culture are common if we are unfamiliar of a culture.

A

True

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20
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. Political beliefs
  2. Nationality
  3. Socioeconomic status

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. B
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21
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. Religious affiliation
  2. Residence (Urban vs rural)
  3. Age

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. A
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22
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. Marital status
  2. Race, color
  3. Sexual orientation

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. B
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23
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. Gender
  2. Occupation, military experiences
  3. Educational status

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. B
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24
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. Physical characteristics
  2. Length of time away from the country of origin
  3. Gender issues

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. B
  2. B
  3. B
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25
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. It represents the whole of a people
  2. Parental status
  3. Reason for migration

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. B
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26
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. Similar to nonmodifiable factors
  2. May change throughout one’s lifetime/lifespan
  3. Largely unchangeable except for religion

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. A
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27
Q

Characteristics of culture

  1. Represents what one generally regards as culture
  2. Encompasses life’s circumstances and environment as one grows and develops
  3. Shapes one’s worldview from an early age

A. Primary characteristic
B. Secondary characteristic

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. A
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28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Culture affects health not just in entirety, but also up to a microscopic level.

A

True

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29
Q

The “appreciation of external signs of diversity”. Having this results to cultural sensitivity.

A

Cultural Awareness

30
Q

Attitudes and behaviors set to prevent offending others and become considerate of their needs.

A

Cultural sensitivity

31
Q

A set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency, or among professionals that enable effective work in encountering cross-cultural situations.

A

Cultural and linguistic competence

32
Q

Having the capacity to function effectively as an individual and an organization within the context of the cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs presented by consumers and their communities.

A

Competence

33
Q

Cultural awareness and sensitivity will lead us to have a sense of competence when talking about culture. Competence is a characteristic expected to be inherent to us.

A. Only the 1st statement is true
B. Only the 2nd statement is true
C. Both statements are true
D. Both statements are false

A

C. Both statements are true

34
Q

The motivation of the healthcare professional to “want to” engage in the process of becoming culturally aware, culturally knowledgeable, culturally skillful and seeking cultural encounters; not the “have to.”

A. Cultural desire
B. Cultural awareness
C. Cultural knowledge
D. Cultural skill
E. Cultural encounters

A

A. Cultural desire

35
Q

Process in which the healthcare professional seeks and obtains a sound educational base about culturally diverse groups.

A. Cultural desire
B. Cultural awareness
C. Cultural knowledge
D. Cultural skill
E. Cultural encounters

A

C. Cultural knowledge

36
Q

Ability to conduct a cultural assessment to collect relevant cultural data regarding the client’s presenting problem as well as accurately conducting a culturally-based physical assessment in a sensitive manner.

A. Cultural desire
B. Cultural awareness
C. Cultural knowledge
D. Cultural skill
E. Cultural encounters

A

D. Cultural skill

37
Q

Process which encourages the healthcare professional to directly engage in face-to-face cultural interactions and other types of encounters with clients from culturally diverse backgrounds in order to modify existing beliefs about a cultural group and to prevent possible stereotyping.

A. Cultural desire
B. Cultural awareness
C. Cultural knowledge
D. Cultural skill
E. Cultural encounters

A

E. Cultural encounters

38
Q

Process of conducting a self-examination of one’s own biases towards other cultures and the in-depth exploration of one’s cultural and professional background to become aware of the “isms” in
healthcare delivery (racism, relativism, imperialism, etc.)

A. Cultural desire
B. Cultural awareness
C. Cultural knowledge
D. Cultural skill
E. Cultural encounters

A

B. Cultural awareness

39
Q

Focus is on the integration of specific issues:
health-related beliefs, practices and cultural values; disease incidence and prevalence.

A. Cultural desire
B. Cultural awareness
C. Cultural knowledge
D. Cultural skill
E. Cultural encounters

A

C. Cultural knowledge

40
Q

According to the ___ model, it is only through continuous cultural encounters that one
acquires cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, and cultural desire because cultural competence in an ongoing journey and process.

A

Campinha-Bacote

Note: Your cultural level does not end at a particular level. As time goes on, there are more nuances to a particular location or culture.

41
Q

Promotes the belief that cultural competence begins and ends with seeking and experiencing cultural
encounters. As you are exposed to a particular culture, you continuously learn about a particular culture.

A. Purnell Model
B. Campinha-Bacote Model
C. Both
D. Neither

A

B. Campinha-Bacote Model

42
Q

12 domains of culture interacts within a person that this person brings to their families, communities, and global society & these factors influence their well-being and health (health behaviors, attitudes, how they response to sickness, etc.).

A. Purnell Model
B. Campinha-Bacote Model
C. Both
D. Neither

A

A. Purnell Model

Note: As a healthcare provider, we have to be considerate of these factors before we react towards a certain individual’s behavior or belief; we have to consider where they are coming from.

43
Q

Asking yourself, “Do I really “want to” become culturally competent?” Questioning your motivation to want to engage with your patient and help them considering their cultural context.

A. Cultural desire
B. Cultural awareness
C. Cultural knowledge
D. Cultural skill
E. Cultural encounters

A

A. Cultural desire

44
Q

Culture is non-linear and it changes, as represented by a zigzag line in the model’s diagram.

A. Purnell Model
B. Campinha-Bacote Model
C. Both
D. Neither

A

A. Purnell Model

45
Q

Aims to help healthcare providers learn concepts and characteristics of culture, and interrelate these characteristics to promote congruence and facilitate delivery of consciously sensitive and competent healthcare.

A. Purnell Model
B. Campinha-Bacote Model
C. Both
D. Neither

A

A. Purnell Model

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Since PTs provide health services in culturally diverse locations, it is important for us to be able to identify the culture of another individual so that it would be easier to work for them and easier for them to relate with us.

47
Q

It is the totality of socially transmitted behavioral patterns, arts, beliefs, values, customs, way of life, and all other products of human work and thought characteristics of a population of people that guide their worldview and decision making.

A

Culture (Purnell, 2003)

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Learning about cultural differences can lead to providing better health services as it leads to reduced disparities in health services and increased detection of culture-specific diseases, and addresses inequitable access to primary health care.

49
Q

Culture is ___ that changes in response to global
phenomena.

A

emergent phenomena

50
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Culture may contain implicit or explicit behavioral patterns that are transmitted primarily within the family, followed by the school, then within the community & other social organizations.

51
Q

Culture is an integrated system of beliefs and practices that individuals live in and co-create that through social institutions and norms of ways of being. It enables them to achieve a sense
of safety and wellbeing, (1)____, and (2)____.

A
  1. belonging
  2. integrity
52
Q

It is a multidimensional, multi-level process that constantly evolves and encompasses all levels of the human condition.

A

Culture

Note: Culture affects individuals in different levels.

53
Q

Subcultures are groups that may not hold all the values of the dominant culture. They have experiences different from those of the dominant culture.
A. Only the 1st statement is true
B. Only the 2nd statement is true
C. Both statements are true
D. Both statements are false

A

C. Both statements are true

54
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Subcultures, ethnic groups, and ethnocultural populations have a change in perspectives on health and wellness from past belief systems of their communities and families to
knowledge gained from healthcare curricula.

55
Q

It comprises of two or more individuals that are
emotionally connected.

56
Q

It refers to a group of people with common interest or identity living in a particular place.

57
Q

It refers to world views, such as communications, politics of the world, warfare, disasters, educational exchanges.

A

Global society

58
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In the ICF model, a person is an individual who experiences biopsychosocial cultural characteristics/processes.

59
Q

Cultural domain that refers to the general heritage, residence, topography, origin, economics and politics, education, and work status of a person.

60
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: According to the Purnell model, cultural domains include medical and non-medical characteristics that interact with one another when it comes to health.

61
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
meaning of life, individual strength, use of prayer, religious practices, spirituality & health

A

Spirituality

62
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
tobacco, alcohol, physical activity, safety, recreational drugs

A

High-risk behaviors

62
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
autonomy, language barriers, acculturation

A

Workforce issues

63
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
perception of practitioners, folk practitioners, gender & health care

A

Health-care practitioners

64
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
deficiencies, limitations, health promotion, common foods, rituals, meaning of food

65
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
Skin color, heredity, ecology, genetics, biological variations, drug metabolism

A

Biocultural ecology

66
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
birthing, postpartum, pregnancy beliefs, fertility practices, views toward pregnancy

67
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
gender roles, developmental tasks, roles of aged, social status, alternative lifestyles, extended family, head of household, goals & priorities

A

Family roles and organization

68
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
dialects, spatial distancing, eye contact, greetings, facial expressions, dominant language, contextual use, time, names, touch, temporality, volume/tone

A

Communication

69
Q

Purnell Model - Identify the cultural domain of the following:
responsibility for health, mental health, self-medication, rehabilitation/chronicity, pain/sick role, transplantation, magico-religious beliefs

A

Health-care practices

(3) Community-Based Rehabilitation (10 decks)

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