S - Sleepwalking

Question 1

When does it take place and what is it?

Answer 1

Takes place during NREM sleep

Actions are carried out without the person having any conscious awareness

Question 2

Describe the genetic explanation

Answer 2

Runs in families
10x more likely if a firs degree relative has a history of it (inherited)
Bakwin - concordance rate for MZ twins (47%), DZ twins (7%)

Question 3

Describe the neural/brain explanation

Answer 3

Children often grow out of it
May be due to delayed development of the complex networks that control sleep brain imaging
Baseth - sleepwalking is the result of the selective activation of some areas of the brain/inhibition of others

Question 4

What did Hublin find?

Answer 4

Concordance rate in children (MZ:55%, DZ: 35%)

adults (MZ:32%, DZ:6%)

Question 5

What is a problem with Hublins findings?

Answer 5

Concordance rate not 100% - other factors involved (alcohol, not enough sleep)

Question 6

What did Bassetti find?

Answer 6

50% of sleepwalkers had a specific gene (variant of HLA) - only 24% of non sleepwalkers had this gene

Question 7

What is a problem with Bassetti’s findings?

Answer 7

Non-sleepwalkers have it too so must be other factors involved (social)

Question 8

What did Olivero find?

Answer 8

Sleepwalking - more frequent in children
Inhibitory system is undeveloped - insufficient quantities of GABA
Adult sleepwalking = result of inhibitory GABA mechanism remaining undeveloped

Question 9

What is a problem with Olivero’s findings?

Answer 9

Sleepwalking in children has been observed/reported more due to worry of parents - adults are more likely to live aloe