S & P lec 2 Flashcards

1
Q

__ types of perception

A
4
1 form
2 depth
3 colour
4 auditory
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2
Q

define

form perception

A

that way the brain
orders =colour, brightness, lines, shapes,
perceives = words from letters

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3
Q

___ early approach to the ___ of ___ ___ =

A

one
problem
form perception

Gestalt Psychology

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4
Q

define

gestalt psychology

A

theory = states that the task of perception is to identify objects of the environment and according to the organisation of their elements

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5
Q

Gestalt psychologists believed __

A

the whole is more than the sum of its parts

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6
Q

gestalt psychologists created a number of ___

A

laws that described the way elements and grouped and organised by the visual system

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7
Q

example of Gestalt’s law
2
define the 1st

A

2
1 = law of proximity
2 = law of similarity

law of proximity
= elements that are closest together will be perceived as belonging together

e.g vertical lines made of dots

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8
Q

define

law of similarity

A

similar colours/objects get grouped together

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9
Q

define

depth perception

A

interpretting 2-D, 3-D
perceiving distance between objects

interposition or occlusion??

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10
Q

examples of depth perception (8)

A

8

1 linear perspective
2 texture cues
3 atmosphere haze
4 height in the field of elevation ( objects closer to  horizon appear = further
5 motion parallax
6 binocular disparity and stereopsis
7 Muller lyre illusion
8 ponzo illusion
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11
Q

our perception of size is closely associated with

A

our perception of distance

if depth/distance perceived = size perceived

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12
Q

stimulus of colour perception

A

light = form of electromagnetic radiation

occurs in waves

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13
Q

define

wavelength

A

the distance between adjacent waves of radiant energy.

in vision, most closely associated with perceptual dimension of hue

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14
Q

short wavlength vs long wavlength image

A

short wavlength = more peaks and troughs in a set horizontal distance

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15
Q

_ dimensions of colour

A

3
1 = hue
2= brightness
3=saturation

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16
Q

define

hue

A

one of the 3 dimensions of colour

different wavelengths tend to be perceived as diff. hues

short wavlengths = violet/blue/green

long wavlengths = orange/red

17
Q

white light made up of =

A

the entire spectrum of visible wavlength

differences in wavelength alone don’t account for the differences in colour we perceive.

18
Q

define

brightness

A

one of the 3 dimensions of colour

the amplitude of the light wave affects the perceived brightness of the colour

greater/higher the amplitude the brighter the colour

19
Q

define

saturation

A

one of the 3 dimensions of colour

=purity of the light
the more white a colour contains the less saturated it is

e.g grey and black
grey = more white = less sat
black= less white = more sat

20
Q

Define

colour mixing

A

2 types

the addition of 2 or more lights of diff wavlengths

1= additive colour mixing
2=subtractive colour mixing

21
Q

define

additive colour mixing

A

one of the 2 types of colour mixing

superimposing lights.
puts more light into the mixture that exists in one light by itself

e.g red + blue + green => white

22
Q

define

subtractive colour mixing

A

one of the 2 types of colour mixing

removing some wavlength of light, leaving less light than was originally there

example
yellow, cyan and magenta => black

23
Q

which type of colour mixing is the following

red+ green + blue =>

cyan + yellow + magenta =>

A

white = additive

black = subtractive

24
Q

_ theories of colour perception

A

2

1=  trichromatic theory of colour vision
2= opponent process theory of colour vision
25
define | trichromatic theory of colour vision
one of the 2 theories of colour perception any colour could be matched by the additive mixture of just 3 appropriate colour Young-Helmholtz theory = the human eye has 3 types of receptors (cones) with differing sensitivities to diff light wavelengths it is the ration of neural activity among these 3 types of receptors that determine the colour percept
26
define | opponent process theory of colour vision
one of the 2 types theories of colour perception the trichromatic theory could not explain all the aspects of colour vision (e.g Negative afterimages) Hering proposed the opponent process theory of colour vision
27
colour perception depends on receptors that ______
make antagonistic (opposite) responses to 3 pairs of colour red vs green yellow vs blue black vs white
28
_conclusions of colour perceotion theories
3 1= both trichromatic and opponent process theory required to explain colour vision 2= cone receptor stage follows trichromatic theory principles 3= later stages appear to follow opponent process theory principles
29
Define | auditory perception
one of the 4 types of perception auditory system (hearing)