RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR

Question 1

When did the fighting break out?

Answer 1

25th October 1917.

Question 2

Who had been defeated by the Spring of 1918?

Answer 2

Volunteer Army under Kornilov.

Question 3

What did Lenin claim in April 1918?

Answer 3

That the Civil War was over.

Question 4

What happened in May 1918?

Answer 4

A Czech Legion, made up of 40,000 captured members of the Austro-Hungarian army. The Red Army collapsed and fled.

Question 5

Who was executed in July 1918?

Answer 5

Nicholas II.

Question 6

Where was a directory government set up?

Answer 6

In Ufa, in September 1918.

Question 7

What marked the end of the Directory in Ufa?

Answer 7

Admiral Kolchak made himself military dictator.

Question 8

When did the war with the Whites start?

Answer 8

December 1918.

Question 9

What happened in March 1919?

Answer 9

Kolchak’s army began to advance.

Question 10

What did General Denikin do in May 1919?

Answer 10

General Denikin and an army of Cossacks and others advanced on Moscow from the south.

Question 11

What were the Red Army forced to abandon in August 1919?

Answer 11

Kiev.

Question 12

When did Kolchak abdicate?

Answer 12

January 1920.

Question 13

What treaty ended the Russo-Polish war?

Answer 13

The Treaty of Riga, Oct 1920.

Question 14

When did the last White forces leave Southern Russia?

Answer 14

In Nov 1920, shelled by Red forces.

Question 15

What happened to Lenin in August 1918?

Answer 15

Shot 3 times by a SR agent.

Question 16

Give one white general.

Answer 16

General Denikin.

Question 17

What did Trotsky ensure?

Answer 17

The Red Army were ruthless and determined.

Question 18

What did the Red Terror ensure regarding the population?

Answer 18

Ensured it was kept under strict control. In 1918-19 alone there were nearly 8,000 recorded executions.

Question 19

What did effective propaganda ensure?

Answer 19

Kept the people aware of the atrocities committed by the white.

Question 20

What did the Red Army propaganda train have?

Answer 20

A cinema aboard to help spread communist ideas.

Question 21

Why did Lenin declare that war was about to end in April 1918?

Answer 21

Defeated General Kornilov’s Volunteer Army.

Question 22

What treaty was signed in October 1921?

Answer 22

Treaty of Riga, ending the Russo-Polish conflict.

Question 23

When did the Red troops drive the last of the white troops out?

Answer 23

November 1921.

Question 24

What type of foreign policy was created as a result of the civil war?

Answer 24

Conciliatory foreign policy with other Bolshevik nations, and not abandoning Comintern.

Question 25

Who formed part of the post-war government?

Answer 25

Those who served as part of the Red Army.

Question 26

What were the five main parts of the Red Terror?

Answer 26

Enforcing War Communism, the ‘Labour Code’, the elimination of kulaks, the administration of labour camps and the militarisation of labour.

Question 27

What was founded in 1921 in order to promote an idealised picture of Russian life?

Answer 27

The Agitation and Propaganda Department (Agitprop).

Question 28

What are the Whites seen as evidence of?

Answer 28

Opposition to the Bolsheviks.

Question 29

What did the Green Armies suggest about the nature of the war?

Answer 29

Was not simply about party politics, but also concerned conflicts about nationalities and regions.