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History > Russia Bolsheviks In Power > Flashcards

Russia Bolsheviks In Power Flashcards

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1
Q

Bolshevik ideology

A

Dictatorship of proletariat workers rule, initially, small elite lead, fade into classless state

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2
Q

Sovnarkom

A

Council of Ministers, new govt Bol dom, few SR, Mens

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3
Q

CA

A

Nov 1917
Elections, B did not have overall majority
Met for 1 day, not a democratic body

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4
Q

Effect of Closing CA

A

Causes civil war, ends democracy+B govt threat

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5
Q

Bolshevik decrees

Land

A

540mn taken from landlords, give land to peasants, set up committees to share land

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6
Q

Bolshevik decrees

Peace

A

End the war

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7
Q

Bolshevik decrees

Work

A

8hour day, 40 hour week

Holiday entitlement

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8
Q

Bolshevik decrees

Political parties

A

CDP banned

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9
Q

Bolshevik decrees

General

A

Policies appeal to all except MC

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10
Q

Treaty of Brest Litovsk

A

Trotsky told to delay negotiations for as long as possible, revolution in EU, make DE negotiations fairer

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11
Q

Effects of the Treaty of Brest Litovsk

A

RU lost population of 50mn, 27% arable, 26% railways

Land from Baltic to Black Sea, Ukraine, war damages 3bn

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12
Q

Civil war

Why

A

B lack support, increase opposition from in+out of RU
Lenin needs to remove opposition
Opposition to ending of CA, T of BL, initial decrees, Bolsheviks leading govt

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13
Q

Who fought who

A

Reds, B+supporters
Whites, Ex Tsarist supporter, foreign powers until 1919, SR, Mens
Greens, minority groups who want independence (Georgia)

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14
Q

Why did Reds win

Leadership

A

L, WC provided essential supplies,

had equipment to win

T, travelled to battle zones in armoured train, increase morale to see troops, garage for 2 cars, printer for news of success, propaganda, theatre,

increase morale, unity in RA

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15
Q

Why did the Reds win

Geog location

A

Petrograd Moscow, parts of Trans Siberian Railway, easy to move around RA area, conc area, good soil for food production,

Gives strength to RA

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16
Q

Strengths of the Reds

Army

A

T, leader, 5mn well disciplined. Political commissars fought+found traitor. Ex Tsarists blackmailed to fight

Real strength behind R

17
Q

Strengths of the Reds

Terror

A

Cheka+RA=>RT, force support

No opposition to R, strength, influence

18
Q

Strength of the Reds

Unity

A

Common goal, continue rule

All work for common goal

19
Q

Weakness of the whites

Leadership

A

Admiral Kolchak, General Denikin, Yudenich

Little coordination, poor leadership, led disparate group

20
Q

Weakness of the Whites

Geog location

A

Dispersed

Hard to coordinate forces

21
Q

Weakness of the Whites

Army

A

Poorly led, lacked discipline+morale, lack of unity

Lack strong army, not united

22
Q

Weakness of the whites

Terror

A

Used to force compliance, WT too extreme, worse than RT

Many fled to Reds

23
Q

Weakness of the Whites

UNity

A

Lack of unity, different group have different goals, 1919, foreign powers left, no need to continue war

No common goal after removal of Reds

24
Q

Political control

A 
Decrees to gain support, ban others
Dismissal of CA=>dictatorship
RT, Cheka+Army
Control of propaganda
Civil war
1918 Constitution, elections to Congress of Soviets did not happen
25
Q

Economical control
War Communism
Why

A

State control essential under Communism

Provide vital resources for CW+ and food for people, central control of Ec

26
Q

War Communism
What
Nationalise industry

A

More than 10 workers, state controlled factory

Banks, state control, all production under Lenin’s control

27
Q

War Communism
What
Requisitioning

A

Grain taken from peasants with Chase die to reduced supply in war

28
Q

War Communism
What
Rationing

A

Food for RA+workers, class based, MC received less than others

29
Q

War Communism
What
End private trading

A

State control, peasants could not sell surplus, affect Kulaks

30
Q

War Communism
What
Rapid inflation

A

20%increase/month

Wages 2% of 1913, money worthless, resort to bartering

31
Q

Effects of WC

Food shortages

A

Peasants did not want to produce goods, subsistence farming, opposition, accused of hoarding grain
Famine, 7mn died
Help from US Relief Association, food for 10mn people

32
Q

Effects of War Communism

Rebellions

A

V unpopular in rural (Tambov region, 50000 anti C against requisition, refused entry to govt)

33
Q

Effects of War Communism

Kronstadt Mutiny

A

Desire of sailors, soldiers and workers for freedom of speech, assembly, trade unions, end RT, p prisoners to be released, end of C control

34
Q

Effects of War Communism

Industrial output

A

Gas 80mn in 1913, 37mn in 1921
Coal 29 mn, 9mn
Iron 4.2 mn, 0.1mn

35
Q

Significance of War Communism

A

Flash that lit up reality, Lenin had to change Ec for P reasons, Soldiers and sailors had been loyal to C and now revolt

History (21 decks)

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