IR, Deteriorating Relations, Berlin Wall Flashcards
Deteriorating relations
USSR launch Sputnik
K called for end of 4 way power in Berlin
Summit meeting
U2 spy plane
US U2 spy plane shot down over USSR territory Gary Powers US, weather plane USSR, know it was for spying Paris summit did not happen Eisenhower refused to apologise
Vienna Summit
K wants Berlin to be neutral
US said no
Kennedy, inexpirienced, will not retaliate to actions in Berlin
Kh, acts boldly without fear of retaliation
Bay of Pigs fiasco
US backed Cuban exiles who wanted to oust Castro from Cuba
Fail
JFK, seen as young, weak inexperienced
Background in Berlin
90 miles in EG
WB, free elections, luxury goods, money from W, capitalism
EB, C, Stasi, rations
Berlin Wall
Why
LTP
USSR want W out of Berlin
Wb, island of capitalism in a sea of Communism
Listening post
Berlin Wall
Why
ST
K applied pressure on W to leave at Summits, neutral state
Needed anti fascist protection wall, contain capitalism
K had upper hand in EW relations, increased defence budget
Berlin Wall
Why
ST
Listening post
JFK, increased defence budget
Reiterated TD in inargural speech
Berlin Wall
Why
ST
Refugees leave E=>W Weaker economy than W 4mn left 49-61 Brain drain, economy worsened 20000 left every month 61 Wall to stop people leaving
Berlin Wall
What
Barbed wire separated E and WB
Checkpoints in between
Wall built later
Berlin crisis
Why
Increase border guards and checks
Increased tension
US objected
Berlin crisis
What
Tank face off for 16hrs at Checkpoint Charlie
Effects of wall on Berlin
Wall kept W and E divided
Refugee flood stopped
Saved EG from collapse
Berlin Wall
Effects
Prevented hot war
Improved IR
Both knew where they stood
C contained, capitalism kept out
