IR, Post War Flashcards
Grand Alliance
US, BR USSR
1 common enemy
2nd front delayed, not a strong alliance
Yalta
Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt, end of war imminent
De divided into 4zones of Allied occupation, rebuild into free country
Berlin into 4 sectors, did not Berlin to be controlled by USSR
De Nazification, international war crime court in Nuremberg
Democratised, free elections
Demilitarised, allied troops in zones
EE, free elections, in Soviet Sphere of influence
UN, peace and security
Poland borders to be moved to Oder Niesse river
Reparations, USSR want high, no repeat of T of V
Changes before Potsdam
Roosevelt died, Truman anti C
P borders moved, no free elec, C govt
EE, RA did not leave
Atom bomb, Stalin not told, no trust between US USSR
PM change, Clement Attlee, US USSR Dom rivalry
End of GA
Postdam
4Ds Reparations, in kind to Allies, USSR-25% UN US wants revived Germany, barrier against C Disagreement over free elections in EE
Reasons for USSR expansion
Percentages deal
Strategic importance
Security
Sphere of influence
Percentages deal
Between CH, ST
EE divided, USSR, 90% of Romania
West, 90% of Greece
Stalin accepted that he had control over EE
Strategic importance
Most invasions through Poland, wants security, friendly govt
Security for USSR
De invades USSR, needs buffer zone for protection
Soviet sphere of influence
Agreed at Yalta
Sphere of control
C in coalition, took key positions, elections rigged
Bulgaria
C Dom govt
C won
Rig elections
Ban others
Poland
Coalition
Election rigged
Romania
Coalition Stalin got C to disrupt govt Force king to appoint C dom govt 80% of votes Banned others
Hungary
Smallholders-50% C controlled police, arrested leader Bella Kovacs Nagy forced to resign Election Banned others
Czechoslovakia
Army use to get power Non C arrested Rigged Won Ban others
Cominform
Coordinate relations between EE and Moscow
Tighten control over E bloc
Molotov Plan
Coordinate trade between E bloc and USSR
Comecom
Counter Marshall USSR to control economies Collectivisation of agriculture Targets for each industry Czech, EG, heavy ind Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, agriculture
Iron curtain
Division between E and W
Stalin wants buffer states
IR not strong
Animosity
Truman Doctrine
Why
Oppose spread of C
Use threat of atom bomb to stop spread
Civil war in Greece, Monarchist vs C
Br could no longer help Mon, US helped
Truman
What
Military assistance given to countries likely to fall to C
Subjugated by an armed minority
Truman
Effects
US wants to contain C
Protect free world
EU split politically
Marshall
Why
Ec policy to TD
Poor countries fell to C
Stop this by improving economies
Truman
What
Money given to all EU countries Stalin told EE to decline, show C=x Money, equipment to aid economy $17bn given Dollar imperialism
Truman
Effects
EU split economically
Molotov Plan
EU had to trade with US
Blockade
Why
E
Big wealth difference USSR wants high reps to starve De Bizone, trizone Deutschmark, Ostmark Excuse to blockade, split
Blockade
Why
P
W wants to stay, listening post E=x W fear spread of C Free elections in W USSR rep left ACC, excuse to blockade, force W out
Blockade
What
USSR cut of all road, rail, water into WZ
US, Br Airlift supplies into WZ for 2mn
Land every 90 secs, USSR disrupt with weather planes, B-29 bombers sent to Br, can carry atom bombs
By April, 4000tonnes of supplies were sent
Blockade
Effects on IR
Increase tension
318 day blockade lifted by Stalin
NATO
Stalin weak, cannot force W out
NATO
Why
Protect W from USSR attacks
Defensive military
NATO
What
12 countries
Collective security
Defensive military alliance
NATO
Effects
USSR saw it as a challenge
Warsaw Pact
Europe divide P, E, M
Warsaw Pact
Why
NATO, aggressive alliance
WG join NATO, proximity is a threat to E bloc
Warsaw Pact
What
Defensive military Pact of EE and USSR
Ensure loyalty to USSR
Warsaw Pact
Effects
Increase tension
Europe divided M,
Both were a defensive alliance
Developments
China became C, spreads
Anti C hysteria, encompassed by Mcarthy
Atom bomb tested by USSR, arms race starts
Stalin dies, thaw in relations
