China Under Deng

Question 1

Deng’s industrial policies
Effect
Paid bonus for extra output, end of Iron Rice Bowl

Answer 1

No incentives before

Question 2

Deng’s industrial policies
Effects
Own own businesses, end of govt subsidies, dependant on market economy, based on supply and demand

Answer 2

Efficiency improved, increased profits. Revolutionary

Producing necessary items

Question 3

Deng’s industrial policies
Efforts
Less central control, SOE kept, less state control, %of prod, profit went to the state, SOE can keep the rest

Answer 3

Maintain SOE, had less control

Question 4

Deng’s industrial policies
Effects
SEZ, encourage Western firms to come, Western firms to train C

Answer 4

New skills help boost the economy and modernise it

Question 5

Deng’s agricultural policies
Effects
Size of peasant plots increased

Answer 5

Peasants had more land to work on

Question 6

Deng’s agricultural policies
Effects
Commune abandoned, villages expected to meet output quota with Household Responsibility System. No private ownership, can sell for profit

Answer 6

Provide incentives
Grain production increased to 407mn from 304mn
Meat production increased to 23.3mnt from 8.8mnt

Question 7

Deng’s social policies
Effects
1 child policy
2000 population, 1.282bn

Answer 7

Daughters killed in infanticide

Question 8

Deng’s social policies
Effects
GLF Birth control abandoned

Answer 8

Birth rate increased

Question 9

Deng’s social policies
Effects
Success in academia essential, special schools for best. Promote economic growth, needs scientists, 1mn to be trained tech, managers, admin
Study abroad

Answer 9

More skilled individuals promote economic growth

Not xenophobic, more skills and knowledge

Question 10

Deng’s social policies
Effects
Discouraged from having children, marriages needed consent of commune and test in family planning

Answer 10

Erm

Question 11

Deng’s social policies
Effects
Single child receives generous allowance, got into higher education

Answer 11

More skilled individuals

Question 12

Deng’s political policies

Four Cardinal Principles

Answer 12

Keep socialist road
Uphold dictatorship, uphold leadership by CCP, uphold Marx Leninism and Mao
show strength of C after failures of CR=GLF
Only reform economy

Question 13

Democracy movement

Why

Answer 13

Intellectuals wanted political change, CCP to bow down to the masses=>democracy
Opposed corruption in govt
Heilongjiang province, managers of state owned fuel+power company, racketeering, were excecuted
Major disturbance in Unis in Hefel, Shanghai, Wuchan, demanded open govt and democracy

Question 14

Democracy wall

What

Answer 14

Posters, letters on wall in Avenue of Eternal Peace near Tiananmen Square to show opposition to CCP
Sometimes removed

Question 15

Wei Jingsheng

What

Answer 15

Martyr of Democracy movement, wrote attack on Deng called Democracy on New Dictatorship
Trial, imprisoned for 15 year

Question 16

Democracy movement

Effects

Answer 16

Allowed movement to continue, turning on it when there were direct challenges to the govt and party. Felt there was no need for change as C govt knows what is best for CHN

Question 17

Growing opposition to Deng

Answer 17

Reject all ideas of demo, Ec reforms did not help all C, decline in ind+ag production+ real wages
Students felt that DEng had not delivered on promise of progress

Question 18

Tiananmen Square

Answer 18

Student protest, hunger strikes=publicity
Boycott uni lectures, Deng must remove+clear square by force with PLA, tanks, bullets, threat to leadership
June-massacre of unknown no disclosed by govt