Germany, Post War

Question 1

November Criminals

Answer 1

Nov 11th 1918
Signed ceasefire.
People betrayed
Politicians gave up

Question 2

T of V

Answer 2

July 28th 1919
De, not represented
Diktat
A231
Not allowed in L of N

Question 3

Presidents, Reichstag

Answer 3

President elected every 7 years
Chancellor chosen every 4 years
PR
Coalitions

Question 4

Ruhr

Answer 4

1923
De could not pay 1st instalment
Ruhr, ind area invaded
Govt printed money, pay striking worker and French
Hyperinflation

Question 5

Spartakists

Answer 5

Dec 1918
Communist
Rosa Luxemburg, Karl Liebknect
Overthrow Ebert, failed
Govt=weak
Relied on Friekorps, hate Govt, hate C more
Leaders excecuted

Question 6

Kapp Putsch

Answer 6

March 1920
Kapp, Right wing politician
Use Friekorps to overthrow Weimar
Govt, strike to stop uprising
Failed

Question 7

Positives of hyperinflation

Answer 7

1st instalment paid
Business pay back borrowed money
Farmers benefitted from rising prices

Question 8

Negatives of hyperinflation

Answer 8

Savings, no value
Fixed income, less to spend
Weimar blamed
Popularity decreased
Wages raised behind price rises

Question 9

New currency introduced

Answer 9

Nov 1923
Rontemark, Reichsmark
End hyperinflation
Stresemann

Question 10

Dawes plan

Answer 10

1924
 Reduce rep
More manageable, Ruhr left alone
Loans aid econ recovery
Start with 50mn increase 150mn over 5years

Question 11

US loans

Answer 11

Reps more manageable
T of V too harsh
Loan of 800mn from banks, large companies, 6years
$3000mn borrowed

Question 12

Young Plan

Answer 12

1929
Timescale for payments
Rep reduced to 1.85bn for 59 year
Not used, GD

Question 13

L of N invite

Answer 13

1926
Had to join Locarno to work
Unpopular, linked to T of V

Question 14

Locarno treaties

Answer 14

GB, FR, DE, IT
De promised no invasions
Others, more secure, lowered T of V terms
Improved IR position, prestige

Question 15

Kellog Briand

Answer 15

1928
65 nations
Renounce war
Armies for defence
Diplomatic settling of disputes

Question 16

Result of Stresemann

Answer 16

SD party more popular
Less for radicals
S, foreign minister
Chancellor, support from Hindenburg

Question 17

Munich Putsch

Why

Answer 17

November 1923
Bavarian govt planned to remove WG
H thought that they would support uprising
Nazis wanted power by force
Support from SA, Ludendorff, persuade army to help
Mussolini did same in IT

Question 18

Munich Putsch

What

Answer 18

Putsch attempted when Bavarian govt met in Munich beer cellar
Reluctantly supported them
3000 supporters through Munich

Question 19

Munich Putsch

Effects

Answer 19

H arrested, treason
Trial was propaganda, T of V, Jews, NC
Imprisoned, 9 months
Mein Kampf, end C, T of V, Jews, Lebensraum

Limited support for Nazis

Question 20

25 point programme

Answer 20

Appealed to C and N
Make De more RW
Remove non De, Jews
Only pure bloods vote, increase power, get back lost land

Question 21

Depression in Germany

Answer 21

1929
40% unemployed
Factories close, food prices fell
Homeless, more support for radical P

Question 22

Propaganda

Answer 22

Goebbels, Minister of propaganda and enlightenment
Appeal to all members of society
Rural, upper, middle, workers, women, appeal

Question 23

Reichstag fire

Answer 23

Feb 27th 1933
Dutch C
Marius Van de Lubbe, matches, firefighters
C blamed, 4000C arrested
H used A48, search C property, detained without trial

Question 24

Enabling Act

Answer 24

March 24 1933
Force policies through
Promised security
444-94
End Weimar, democracy, Reichstag, rubber stamp

Question 25

Rival parties

Answer 25

May 1934

Destroyed newspaper, funds SD, C

Question 26

Hindenburg dead

Answer 26

August 1934
Only obstacle to dictatorship
Fuhrer
Supreme power,

Question 27

The Night of the Long Knives

Why

Answer 27

June 30th’ 1934
Rohm wanted control over army
SA,2mn. Army,10000
SS wanted to break away from SA

Question 28

The Night of the Long Knives

What

Answer 28

100 SA leaders rounded up by SS when they met in Bavaria
H said SA planned a revolution
Killed

Question 29

Night of the Long Knives

Effect

Answer 29

SA, leaders removed, more under Nazi control
SS more independent, Himmler happy
Hitler, removed potential for revolution
Army, oath of loyalty, happier

Question 30

SS

Answer 30

1932
Himmler
Blackshirts, 100000, given control over police branches, arrest anyone, imprison without trial, ran conc and death camps

Question 31

Gestapo

Answer 31

Goering
Secret police
Spied with informants
Phones tapped
Enter homes without warrant
Block warden allowed to question homes in block

Question 32

Law courts

Answer 32

1934
Nazi controlled
No trial by jury
Nazi judges
No fair system
No civil rights

Question 33

Conc camps

Answer 33

1933
Dachau
SS, SA controlled
Reeducate prisoners, C, work shy, prof criminals, sex offender, Jews, racial groups

Question 34

Radio

Answer 34

Mass production
70% had one by 1939
Factories, bars, cafes
Loudspeakers in streets for imp messages
Nazi controlled stations
Short wave radio stations only, no BBC

Question 35

Newspapers

Answer 35

Non Nazi ones banned
Volkischer beabachter
Editors told what they could print

Question 36

Rallies

Answer 36

Annual rally at Nuremberg
Show Nazi power
Parades, local rallies led by SA, HY
Project image of power, terror

Question 37

Posters

Answer 37

Target all members of society

Create Hitler myth and Nazi message

Question 38

Cinema

Answer 38

100 made a year
250mn views
Goebbels read all plots
Lover, thrillers with Nazi slants with 45min newsreel

Question 39

Books

Answer 39

May 1933
Burning of Jewish and non Nazi books
Only Nazi books published