Ruminants

Question 1

Define a ruminant

Answer 1

Animals capable of digesting plant material (cellulose)

Question 2

List ruminant animals

Answer 2

Cattle, sheep, goats, bison, deer, moose, elk

Question 3

What is a pseudoruminant

Answer 3

Efficient grazer and digestive tract similar to ruminants

Question 4

Example of pseudo ruminant

Answer 4

Camelids (camels, llamas, alpacas)

Question 5

Why these animals of prey developed this overtime

Answer 5

Develope ability to eat almost constantly, then when relaxed and safe they begin to digest

Question 6

Order of compartments in stomach that the cud travels

After regurgitation

Answer 6

Rumen
Reticulum
Omasum
Abomasum

Question 7

Stomach compartment that contracts to mix food w fluid and regurgitate food

Answer 7

Rumen

Question 8

Stomach compartment that co gains Protozoa and bacteria that ferment cellulose (fibers)

Answer 8

Rumen

Question 9

Rumen bacteria synthesize what vitamin

Answer 9

B vitamins

Question 10

Stomach compartment that continues fermentation of rumen

Honey comb lining

Answer 10

Reticulum

Question 11

Stomach compartment where foreign object end up

What disease is this called

Answer 11

Reticulum

“Hardware disease”

Question 12

Stomach compartment that is hard and round, inner lining full of folds/leaves, water absorbed here

Answer 12

Omasum

Question 13

Stomach compartment most similar to “simple stomachs”

Enzymes and acids digest foods

Answer 13

Abomasum

Question 14

Largest stomach compartment in new borns

Answer 14

Abomasum

Question 15

Abomasum fills with gas and rises to the top of abdomen

Answer 15

Displaced abomasum

Question 16

Overall advantages of ruminant digestive tracts

Answer 16

Make use of poorer quality forage (plant materials made of cellulose)
Make own proteins and B vitamins

Question 17

Define eructation

Answer 17

When byproducts arise from fermentation in rumen (methane gas and CO2) must belch (eructate) to expel gas.

Question 18

What happens if a ruminant cannot eructate?

Answer 18

Bloating. Builds up in rumen and can suffocate heart or lungs

Question 19

What are the teeth of ruminants like

Answer 19

No upper incisors (front teeth)

Have lower incisors and an upper dental pad (hard cartilage plate bottom teeth press against)

Question 20

What kind of hooves

Answer 20

Ruminants are ungulates (have hooves) cloven hooves more specifically (2 toes)

Question 21

Cattle are properly known as

Answer 21

Bovine

Question 22

Cattle genus

Answer 22

Bos

Question 23

European species and tropical species

Answer 23

European=Taurus

Tropical =indicus

Question 24

Adult female term

Answer 24

Cow

Question 25

Young female term

Answer 25

Heifer

Question 26

Adult male term

Answer 26

Bull

Question 27

Castrated male term

Answer 27

Steer

Question 28

Young term

Answer 28

Calf/ calves

Question 29

Term for giving birth

Answer 29

They calve or freshen

Question 30

Physical difference between dairy and beef cattle

Answer 30

Same genius species, beef are more muscular

Question 31

Mammary system of cattle

Answer 31

Udder, 4 quarters, 4 teets

Question 32

Do male or female cattle have horns

Answer 32

Both

Question 33

Do cattle horns shed and regrow seasonally

Answer 33

No

Question 34

Inherited trait resulting in lack of horns; seen in some beef cattle

Answer 34

Polled cattle

Question 35

What it means to ruminate

Answer 35

After ruminants swallow food without chewing, they regurgitate the undigested cue floating top of rumen, rechew and reswallow

Question 36

Ab how much does an adult cows rumen hold

Answer 36

40 gallons

Question 37

Where in stomach enzymes and acids digest food

Answer 37

Abomasum

Question 38

Example of Bos Indicus

Answer 38

Zebu. Cattle from India and surrounding areas