Ruminant ticks and mites

Question 1

Amblyomma americanum

Answer 1

Chelicerca cut the skin, has hypostome and secrete cementum to stay attached to host. Lone star tick. From texas to nebraska and east. Woodland habitats. Linked to the distribution of white tailed deer. Nymphs recognized as small brown round. Can occur in massive numbers that dog needs transfusions. ONLY one to do that. Transmits cytauxzoonosis, ehrlichia, tularemia, RMSF, Lyme-dz like infection, red meat allergy

Question 2

What is Amblyomma americanum commonly called?

Answer 2

Lone Star Tick

Question 3

Dermacentor variabilis

Answer 3

mostly from center of us to the east. American dog tick. grassy meadows, transmits RMSF, tularemia, tick paralysis, cytauxzoonosis

Question 4

Otobius megnini

Answer 4

Spinose Ear Tick. drier parts of the US like south, no disease transmission. Unique-adults not parasitic, larvae feed on ear and molt on host.

Question 5

Dermacentor albipictus

Answer 5

Ghost Moose Tick. Thousands results in anemia, alopecia, death. 1 host, can be ornate or inornate. larvae are active in late fall, climb vegetation, actively quest for host to survive. Whole life cycle on animal, adults drop off and lay eggs. ALL species in kansas are inornate.

Question 6

Amblyomma maculatum

Answer 6

Also called Gulf Coast Tick. On cattle but larvae and nymphs on smaller mammals. attach on ears, 3 host tick. Feeding->bacterial infection. Immune response to saliva and infection leads to thickening and deformity of the ear, called gotch ear.

Question 7

Rhipicephalus annulatus

Answer 7

Texas Cattle Fever tick.

Question 8

Rhipicephalus microplus

Answer 8

1 host tick, inornate, Southern Cattle tick. eradicated but comes back from cattle from Mexico. Quarantined, transmits Texas Cattle Fever and Anaplasmosis.

Question 9

Pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment for ticks

Answer 9

Blood feeders, tick paralysis, transmit diseases, irritation, predisposes to screwworms. Anemia, off feed, decreased milk production, tick paralysis. do physical exam and remove and identify ticks. Permethrin, coumaphos, for 3-4 weeks. If gulf coast or spinose ear, spray ears directly.

Question 10

Control of ticks

Answer 10

Early on most on rodents. eliminate shrubs and woody areas. No acaracides on grazing land!

Question 11

Scabies mites

Answer 11

Sarcoptes scabiei, Psoroptes communis bovis, Chorioptes bovis. If on cattle sheep or goats, should be reported to state vet. Pcb is most reportable/important.

Question 12

Psoroptic Mange

Answer 12

Mites host specific, life cycle on one host about 2 weeks. Direct contact or infected pens. See small yellow papules with hyperkeratosis, serum from wounds, scabs. Lesions by pruritis, on scrotum, perineum, ears, horn base. Secondary infections, weight loss. Diagnosis: clip hair and skin scrape.

Question 13

Sarcoptic scabies

Answer 13

Rare in cattle and sheep, clinical signs like Psoroptes but not as severe, transmission and diagnosis same. Same as in dogs.

Question 14

Chorioptic scabies

Answer 14

bovis in cow (tail mange) and ovis in sheep (foot mange), caprae in goat on head and neck. Live on surface of sloughed skin and hair. serum exudate, lesions not as severe. pruritis. small wounds, skin under scabs is red. direct contact or infected pens, clip hair and do skin scrape.

Question 15

Chorioptes bovis

Answer 15

blunt mouthparts, short pedicels, caruncles, females about 400 microns.

Question 16

Scabies treatment

Answer 16

Contagious, reportable. Quarantine and control measures, use ivermectin, coumaphos, permethrin.