Mange

Question 1

Sarcoptes scabiei

Answer 1

Small, circular, short legs, triangular spines. Transmitted by primary contact with skin. Hypersensitivity to feces leads to intense pruritis and alopecia. Look for pinna-pedal reflex. Do skin scrapings. Therapeutic trial!

Question 2

Treatment for scabies

Answer 2

selamectin and moxidectin are FDA approved. Isoxazolines are not approved. Treat pyoderma, treat all animals, control pruritis.

Question 3

Is scabies zoonotic?

Answer 3

Yes, usually self-limiting. Is commonly missed, if you think it is mange then treat!

Question 4

Notoedres cati

Answer 4

Face mange, has thumbprint pattern of folds, found in group nests. Alopecia of face, can progress to pyoderma. Recover mites in skin scrapings. No approved treatments, use selamectin or moxidectin.

Question 5

Demodex canis

Answer 5

Normal inhabitant of the skin, disease is because of immunological defect, transmission to pups happens when they are nursing, NOT contagious.

Question 6

What are the three disease stages of demodex?

Answer 6

Localized, Juvenile-onset generalized, adult-onset generalized

Question 7

Localized mange

Answer 7

Self-limiting, not related to immune defect, alopecia but not usually pruritic, will spontaneously resolve

Question 8

Juvenile onset generalized mange

Answer 8

In some purebreds, excessive proliferation of demodex due to inherited, cell-mediated, immune deficiency. extensive generalized involvement

Question 9

Adult onset generalized mange

Answer 9

Older dogs, associated with neoplasia or debilitating disease that causes immunosuppression

Question 10

How to diagnose demodex

Answer 10

Skin scrapings (get a bit of blood with them) to find large number of adults and immature ones

Question 11

Treatment of localized demodecosis

Answer 11

No immunologic defect so self-cure works, if lesions are pruritic use benzyl peroxide spot treatment

Question 12

Treatment of generalized demodecosis

Answer 12

GUARDED prognosis, prolonged/expensive/no guarantee of success. Amitraz dip every two weeks and continue 4 weeks after scrapings show no mites. Ivermectin (not FDA approved) considered gold standard. Fluralaner is 100% with one treatment. Also include antimicrobials for pyoderma.

Question 13

Demodex cati

Answer 13

Not common, on hair follicles, get early in life due to immunosuppression.

Question 14

Demodex gatoi

Answer 14

Contagious, epidermal area, in cats.

Question 15

Feline demodecosis

Answer 15

Has patches of alopecia, macules. Treat with lime sulfur bath.