Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Ruminant Stomach & Digestion > Flashcards

Ruminant Stomach & Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the ruminant stomach?

A

Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which chamber of the stomach is glandular?

A

Abomasum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which chamber of the stomach is the true stomach?

A

Abomasum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What chambers of the stomach are non-glandular and what does that mean?

A

They do not produce digestive enzymes (rumen, reticulum, omasum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is majority of cellulose broken down?

A

Rumen & reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What chambers of the stomach contain microorganisms that help in the fermentation process of carbohydrates?

A

Rumen, reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The rumen is also known as what?

A

The paunch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is the rumen located?

A

Occupies most of the left side of the abdominal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What increases the surface area for absorption in the rumen?

A

Papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What chambers are considered to be part of the forestomach?

A

Reticulum rumen, omasum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
A
  1. Rumen
  2. Duodenum
  3. Esophagus
  4. Reticulum
  5. Omasum
  6. Abomasum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What chamber functions the same way as the monogastric stomach?

A

Abomasum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the reticulum resemble?

A

Honeycomb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is the reticulum located?

A

Cranial to the rumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What links the esophagus with the omasum in young ruminants and why is this important?

A

Esophageal groove - lets milk bypass the reticulorumen and go directly into the omasum and abomasum (bacteria in reticulorumen will ferment milk and produce lactic acid inhibiting normal microbial action)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the omasum resemble?

A

Many plies or “book stomach”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the omasum connect?

A

Reticulorumen to abomasum

18
Q

What gets absorbed in the omasum?

A

Water and salt

19
Q

True/ False - The abomasum acts as a storage compartment

A

False

20
Q

In young ruminants, what is released in the abomasum that causes milk protein coagulation?

A

Renin

21
Q

There is a continuous flow of __________ in the abomasum

A

Ingesta - Volume remains constant

22
Q

This type of contraction ensures content movements between the reticulum and rumen and separates particles based on size

A

Primary contractions or mixing contractions

23
Q

This type of contraction in the reticulorumen moves ingesta up into the oral cavity

A

Rumination or “chewing the cud”

24
Q

What are the 4 steps of rumination?

A

Regurgitation
Re-insalivation
Re-mastication
Re-swallowing

25
Q

During regurgitation the reticulum contracts bringing material from the dorsal reticulum to the ____________ sphincter

A

Cardiac

26
Q

This type of reticulorumen contraction is responsible for the release of gases produced during fermentation

A

Eructation

27
Q

What are the two components to a ruminant’s diet?

A

Grasses - complex carbohydrates
Grains - non-structural carbohydrates

28
Q

How are carbohydrates broken down and what enzyme helps with this?

A

Hydrolysis by catalase enzyme to simple sugars

29
Q

True/ False - microorganisms use nutrients consumed for their own growth and development

A

True

30
Q

True/ False - Ruminants can digest microorganisms as a source of protein

A

True

31
Q

What is the main source of energy for the ruminant?

A

VFA’s

32
Q

Diets with too many lipids result in what?

A

Decreased appetite, reduced motility of reticulorumen, decreased fermentation of cellulose

33
Q

What happens during lipid digestion?

A

Glycerol produces VFA’s - hydrogenated fatty acids absorbed in small intestine and are stored or used for energy

34
Q

What nutrient in the ruminants diet is mostly used by the microorganisms to meet their own metabolic needs?

A

Protein

35
Q

What is released by rumen bacteria to break down proteins into peptide chains?

A

Peptidase

36
Q

What is the end product of protein breakdown?

A

Amino acids - absorbed across intestinal mucosa into the bloodstream and transported to the liver

37
Q

What organ is responsible for urea production in ruminants?

A

Liver - produces urea from proteins and ammonium absorbed from the rumen

38
Q

What happens to urea in ruminants?

A

Travels back to the rumen and then saliva where it is used by the microbes once again to make microbial proteins

39
Q

Why are ruminants constantly faced with a potential glucose deficiency?

A

Because ruminal microbes process carbohydrates before they are exposed to intestinal enzymes - no ingested carbohydrates make it to the small intestine

40
Q

How do ruminants produce glucose?

A

Gluconeogenesis - production of glucose by the liver from non-carbohydrate sources

41
Q

What is a non-carbohydrate source that is used in glucose production?

A

Propionate

Anatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions