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Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

The oral cavity is also known as the _______________

A

Buccal Cavity

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2
Q

What does the buccal cavity contain?

A

Everything in the mouth - teeth, tongue and everything require to ingest food

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3
Q

What two parts does the oral cavity consist of and what are they?

A
  1. The vestibule - space between the lips, cheeks and outer surface of teeth
  2. Oral cavity proper - space bordered by the inner surface of the teeth and hard and soft palates
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4
Q

What is the opening of the mouth called?

A

Oral fissure

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5
Q

What is prehension?

A

The process of bringing food into the oral cavity

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6
Q

What 3 layers are the lips and cheeks made up of?

A

Outer layer of haired skin, middle layer of muscles and fibroelastic tissue, inner layer of mucosa

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7
Q

What are the muscles of the middle muscular layer of the cheeks called?

A

Mastication muscles

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8
Q

What is the philtrum?

A

Cleft that divides the two halves of the upper lip

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9
Q

The palate consists of 2 distinct parts, what/ where are they?

A
  1. Hard palate - Rostral, made up of the palatine, maxillary, and incisive bones
  2. Soft palate - Caudal, made up of muscle and connective tissue that divides the pharynx into the oropharynx and nasopharynx
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10
Q

Teeth are found in sockets or cavities called _____________ and are held in placed by __________________

A

Alveoli, periodontal ligament

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11
Q

What are the 4 parts of the tooth?

A

Crown - projects above gingiva
Root - embedded into the alveoli below the gingiva
Apex - tip of the tooth where blood vessels and nerves enter
Neck - area where the crown and root meet

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12
Q
A
  1. Crown
  2. Enamel
  3. Dentin
  4. Pulp
  5. Root
  6. Apex
  7. Mucosa
  8. Gingiva
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13
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the cheek?

A

Buccal surface

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14
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the lips?

A

Labial surface

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15
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the tongue?

A

Lingual surface

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16
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the soft palate?

A

Palatal surface

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17
Q

What is the surface between two teeth called that faces the midline or center of the dental arch called?

A

Mesial surface

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18
Q

What is the surface between two teeth called that faces away from the midline or center of the dental arch called?

A

Distal surface

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19
Q

When referring to something towards the crown of the tooth what term is used?

A

Coronal

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20
Q

When referring to something towards the root of the tooth what term is used?

21
Q

The hardest substance in the body that covers the crown of the tooth is called what?

22
Q

What lies beneath enamel that is as hard as bone?

23
Q

The dentin surrounds and inner area called the ________________ that contains the _______________ and ________________ which supply the tooth

A

Pulp cavity, blood supply, nerves

24
Q

What are the 2 classifications of teeth?

A

Brachyodont, hypsodont

25
What is the difference between brachyodont and hypsodont teeth?
Brachyodont - small crowns, well developed roots, do not grow continually Hypsodont - large reserve of crown beneath gingiva, grow continually
26
What species have hypsodont teeth?
Horse's incisors and cheek teeth, boar's canine teeth, rodents, lagomorphs
27
What does "floating the teeth" mean?
To file down sharp elongated ridges that horses develop on their teeth from uneven wear
28
A thin bonelike covering over the roots of the teeth
Cementum
29
1. Enamel 2. Pulp cavity 3. Cementum 4. Periodontal ligament 5. Bone 6. Dentin
30
The ______________ membrane is made up of dense fibrous connective tissue that links the cementum with the ______________ wall
Periodontal, alveolar
31
Name 3 characteristics of deciduous teeth
1. Smaller & whiter 2. Present at birth 3. Erupt at different times - species dependent
32
What are the four types of heterodont dentition?
1. Incisors 2. Canine 3. Premolar 4. Molar
33
Instead of upper incisors, ruminants have a _________________
Dental pad
34
What is the horses upper first premolar called that is often missing or vestigial?
Wolf tooth
35
What are the largest cutting teeth in the jaw of the carnivore called and where are they?
Carnassial teeth - premolar 4 on the upper jaw and molar 1 on the mandible
36
How are the teeth numbered using the Triadan System?
Right maxillary arch - 100 series Left maxillary arch - 200 series Left mandibular arch - 300 series Right mandibular arch - 400 series
37
The tongue consists of both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles that function as what?
Extrinsic - anchor it in place Intrinsic - originate/ insert on the tongue itself, make it flexible / maneuverable
38
What 3 parts does the tongue consist of?
Apex - tip of the tongue Body - links apex with root Root - anchors the tongue to the hyoid bone and sides of the mandible
39
What are the mechanical functions of the papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue?
Grooming and moving food into the pharynx
40
What are the specialized functions of the papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue?
Taste sensation, pain, temperature, touch, thermoregulation through panting in dogs
41
Saliva is composed mainly of water, but also contains what?
Protein, electrolytes, antibodies, glycoproteins, organic molecules, salivary bicarbonate and enzymes
42
What are the two enzymes found in saliva?
Lysozyme - helps control bacteria Amylase - helps in breakdown of starches
43
What species lack salivary amylase?
Dogs, cats, ruminants - Horses produce some, pigs produce the most
44
What are the functions of saliva?
Lubrication, antibacterial action, pH regulation, thermoregulation, enzymatic digestion
45
What are the 3 main salivary glands and what so they secrete?
Parotid - located ventral to the ear, secretion is serous Mandibular/ Sublingual - located under the tongue, caudal to the jaw, secretion is mixed (serous/ mucous)
46
What does the TMJ form a connection between?
The condylar process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
47
What movements does the TMJ allow?
Extension, flexion, translation
48
What is the "translation" movement of the jaw?
Movement of the mandible laterally and rostrally
49
What influences how much translation can occur?
Dietary preferences of different species

Anatomy (10 decks)

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