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Anatomy > Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

The oral cavity is also known as the _______________

A

Buccal Cavity

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2
Q

What does the buccal cavity contain?

A

Everything in the mouth - teeth, tongue and everything require to ingest food

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3
Q

What two parts does the oral cavity consist of and what are they?

A
  1. The vestibule - space between the lips, cheeks and outer surface of teeth
  2. Oral cavity proper - space bordered by the inner surface of the teeth and hard and soft palates
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4
Q

What is the opening of the mouth called?

A

Oral fissure

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5
Q

What is prehension?

A

The process of bringing food into the oral cavity

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6
Q

What 3 layers are the lips and cheeks made up of?

A

Outer layer of haired skin, middle layer of muscles and fibroelastic tissue, inner layer of mucosa

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7
Q

What are the muscles of the middle muscular layer of the cheeks called?

A

Mastication muscles

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8
Q

What is the philtrum?

A

Cleft that divides the two halves of the upper lip

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9
Q

The palate consists of 2 distinct parts, what/ where are they?

A
  1. Hard palate - Rostral, made up of the palatine, maxillary, and incisive bones
  2. Soft palate - Caudal, made up of muscle and connective tissue that divides the pharynx into the oropharynx and nasopharynx
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10
Q

Teeth are found in sockets or cavities called _____________ and are held in placed by __________________

A

Alveoli, periodontal ligament

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11
Q

What are the 4 parts of the tooth?

A

Crown - projects above gingiva
Root - embedded into the alveoli below the gingiva
Apex - tip of the tooth where blood vessels and nerves enter
Neck - area where the crown and root meet

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12
Q
A
  1. Crown
  2. Enamel
  3. Dentin
  4. Pulp
  5. Root
  6. Apex
  7. Mucosa
  8. Gingiva
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13
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the cheek?

A

Buccal surface

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14
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the lips?

A

Labial surface

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15
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the tongue?

A

Lingual surface

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16
Q

What is the surface of the tooth called that faces the soft palate?

A

Palatal surface

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17
Q

What is the surface between two teeth called that faces the midline or center of the dental arch called?

A

Mesial surface

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18
Q

What is the surface between two teeth called that faces away from the midline or center of the dental arch called?

A

Distal surface

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19
Q

When referring to something towards the crown of the tooth what term is used?

A

Coronal

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20
Q

When referring to something towards the root of the tooth what term is used?

A

Apical

21
Q

The hardest substance in the body that covers the crown of the tooth is called what?

A

Enamel

22
Q

What lies beneath enamel that is as hard as bone?

A

Dentin

23
Q

The dentin surrounds and inner area called the ________________ that contains the _______________ and ________________ which supply the tooth

A

Pulp cavity, blood supply, nerves

24
Q

What are the 2 classifications of teeth?

A

Brachyodont, hypsodont

25
Q

What is the difference between brachyodont and hypsodont teeth?

A

Brachyodont - small crowns, well developed roots, do not grow continually
Hypsodont - large reserve of crown beneath gingiva, grow continually

26
Q

What species have hypsodont teeth?

A

Horse’s incisors and cheek teeth, boar’s canine teeth, rodents, lagomorphs

27
Q

What does “floating the teeth” mean?

A

To file down sharp elongated ridges that horses develop on their teeth from uneven wear

28
Q

A thin bonelike covering over the roots of the teeth

A

Cementum

29
Q
A
  1. Enamel
  2. Pulp cavity
  3. Cementum
  4. Periodontal ligament
  5. Bone
  6. Dentin
30
Q

The ______________ membrane is made up of dense fibrous connective tissue that links the cementum with the ______________ wall

A

Periodontal, alveolar

31
Q

Name 3 characteristics of deciduous teeth

A
  1. Smaller & whiter
  2. Present at birth
  3. Erupt at different times - species dependent
32
Q

What are the four types of heterodont dentition?

A
  1. Incisors
  2. Canine
  3. Premolar
  4. Molar
33
Q

Instead of upper incisors, ruminants have a _________________

A

Dental pad

34
Q

What is the horses upper first premolar called that is often missing or vestigial?

A

Wolf tooth

35
Q

What are the largest cutting teeth in the jaw of the carnivore called and where are they?

A

Carnassial teeth - premolar 4 on the upper jaw and molar 1 on the mandible

36
Q

How are the teeth numbered using the Triadan System?

A

Right maxillary arch - 100 series
Left maxillary arch - 200 series
Left mandibular arch - 300 series
Right mandibular arch - 400 series

37
Q

The tongue consists of both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles that function as what?

A

Extrinsic - anchor it in place
Intrinsic - originate/ insert on the tongue itself, make it flexible / maneuverable

38
Q

What 3 parts does the tongue consist of?

A

Apex - tip of the tongue
Body - links apex with root
Root - anchors the tongue to the hyoid bone and sides of the mandible

39
Q

What are the mechanical functions of the papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue?

A

Grooming and moving food into the pharynx

40
Q

What are the specialized functions of the papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue?

A

Taste sensation, pain, temperature, touch, thermoregulation through panting in dogs

41
Q

Saliva is composed mainly of water, but also contains what?

A

Protein, electrolytes, antibodies, glycoproteins, organic molecules, salivary bicarbonate and enzymes

42
Q

What are the two enzymes found in saliva?

A

Lysozyme - helps control bacteria
Amylase - helps in breakdown of starches

43
Q

What species lack salivary amylase?

A

Dogs, cats, ruminants - Horses produce some, pigs produce the most

44
Q

What are the functions of saliva?

A

Lubrication, antibacterial action, pH regulation, thermoregulation, enzymatic digestion

45
Q

What are the 3 main salivary glands and what so they secrete?

A

Parotid - located ventral to the ear, secretion is serous
Mandibular/ Sublingual - located under the tongue, caudal to the jaw, secretion is mixed (serous/ mucous)

46
Q

What does the TMJ form a connection between?

A

The condylar process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

47
Q

What movements does the TMJ allow?

A

Extension, flexion, translation

48
Q

What is the “translation” movement of the jaw?

A

Movement of the mandible laterally and rostrally

49
Q

What influences how much translation can occur?

A

Dietary preferences of different species

Anatomy (10 decks)

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