Rulings of ‘م’ and ‘ن’

Question 1

Rulings of ‘م’ and ‘ن’

Answer 1

• ‘م’ and ‘ن’ with shaddah
• Rulings of ‘م’ with sukoon
• Rulings of ‘ن’ with sukoon and tanween
• Timings of Gunnahs

Question 2

‘م’ and ‘ن’ with shaddah

Answer 2

The reciter must, when pronouncing ‘ م’ and ‘ ’ن
with shaddah, elongate the sound of Ghunnah as
complete as can be in joining and stopping,

Question 3

Rulings of ‘م’ with sukoon

Answer 3

1-Idgham(Merging)
2-Ikhfaa(Hiding)
3-idhhar(clear pronunciation)

Question 4

The first rule: Idgham (merging)

Answer 4

The ‘م’with Sukoon is merged when it is followed by only one letter which is ‘م’, with elongating the sound of Ghunnah as complete as can be,

Question 5

The second rule: Ikhfaa (hiding)

Answer 5

It is to hide the sound of ‘م’with Sukoon, between Idgham and Idhhar, while keeping a long Ghunnah.

The ‘ م’ with Sukoon is hidden with Ghunnah
when it is followed by only one letter, which is
ب‘ ’

Question 6

The third rule: Idhhar (clear pronunciation)

Answer 6

It is to pronounce the sound of ‘م’ with Sukoon clearly from its articulation point, without prolonging the sound of Ghunnah

The ‘م’ with Sukoon is pronounced clearly, when it is followed by any of the Arabic letters except ‘م’ and ‘ب’,

Question 7

Ikhfaa Caution

Answer 7

The reciter should beware of making Ikhfaa (hiding) in ‘م’ with sukoon when it is followed by ‘و’ or ‘ف’,

And that is due to having the same articulation point as ‘و’, and having a close articulation point to ‘ف’

Question 8

Benefit (1)

Answer 8

The sign of Idgham(merging) the ‘م’ with sukoonin the script of the Mushafis the removal of sukoonfrom it, and putting Shaddahon the next letter

Question 9

Benefit (2)

Answer 9

The sign of Ikhfaa(hiding) the ‘م’ with sukoonin the script of the Mushafis the removal of sukoonfrom it, without putting Shaddahon the second letter,

Question 10

Benefit (3)

Answer 10

The sign of Idhhar (clearly pronunciation) the ‘ ’م
with sukoon in the script of the Mushaf is
putting Sukoon over the ‘ م’,

Question 11

The most common mistakes when

pronouncing the ‘ م’ with sukoon

Answer 11

1- Elongating the timing of Ghunnah more than
what it should be when making Idhhar:
2- Shortening the timing of Ghunnah less than
what it should be when making Idgham or
Ikhfaa:

3- Leaving a gap between the 2 lips when
making Ikhfaa:
4- Hiding its sound when followed by ‘ و’ or ‘ :’ف

Question 12

The rulings of the Noon Sakinah and Tanween - The Tanween

Answer 12

It is a non-voweled Noon used by the Arabs in the end of nouns when continuing reading but not when stopping. It is pronounced, not written. Its written symbol is doubling the Harakah

Question 13

The rulings of the Noon Sakinah and Tanween - Attention

Answer 13

A single letter is not voweled by more than one
vowel at the same time. When we see two
Harakahs on a single letter, it means that the first
one is the Harakah of the letter and the second
represents its Tanween

Question 14

The status of the Noon Sakinah and Tanween with the letters of the Alphabet

Answer 14

1-Ithhar(الإظهار )
2-Idgham(الإدغام )
3-Qalb(القلب )
4-Ikhfaa(الإخفاء

Question 15

The first Rule: Ithhar(الإظهار

Answer 15

The Noon Sakinahor Tanweenis made clear when followed by one of the six throat letters. They are:
ء ، ه ، ع ، ح ، غ ، خ

Question 16

The Symbol of Clarifying the Noon Sakinah

Answer 16

The symbol of clarifying the Noon Sakinah in
the script of the mus’haf is putting the head of
the letter خ without a dot above the Noon

Question 17

The Symbol of Clarifying the Tanween

Answer 17

The symbol of clarifying the Tanween in the
script of the mus’haf is overlapping the two
harakahs: the harakah of the letter and that which
indicates the tanween

Question 18

The second Rule: Idgham(الإدغام

Answer 18

The Noon Sakinah or Tanween is merged when they are followed by one of the letters of the word
( يَرْ مُ لُونَ ).

It is divided into two types :
1- Idgham with Ghunnah, into the letters of (يَنْمُو ) or ( يُومِنُ ).
2-Idgham without Ghunnah, into the letters (ر ، ل )

Question 19

The Mechanism of Idgham with Ghunnah

Answer 19

It was previously mentioned in the section of the articulation points of letters, that the letter Noon is divided into two halves: one half from the tongue, and one half from the nasal cavity (which is the Ghunnah).

Question 20

The Mechanism of Idgham with Ghunnah, part 2

Answer 20

So during the Idgham with Ghunnah, the tongue half changes into the articulation point of the letter following the Noon, and the sound of the Ghunnah remains apparent and prolonged, accompanying the emission of the merged letter, so when the reciter reaches the pronounciation of the letter in which merging is performed, the sound of the prolonged Ghunnahbreaks

Question 21

Idham with Ghunnah - Attention 1

Answer 21

The Noon Sakinah is not merged into the ‘ و’ or

ي‘ ’ when they meet in one word,

Question 22

Idham with Ghunnah - Attention 2

Answer 22

Hafs from Aasim by the way of ash-shatibiyyah,
does not merge the Noon into the ‘ و’ when
joining the two words

Question 23

The sign of Complete Idgham the Noon

Sakinah

Answer 23

The sign of complete Idgham of the Noon
Sakinah into the letters ( ن ، م ، ل ، ر ) is to remove
the sign of Sukoon from the Noon while stressing
the next letter,

Question 24

The sign of Complete Idgham of the Tanween

Answer 24

The sign of complete Idgham of the Tanween into
the letters ( ن ، م ، ل ، ر ) is to put the two Harakahs
following each other: the harakah of the letter and
the one indicaring the Tanween, and stressing the next letter

Question 25

The sign of Incomplete Idgham of the Noon Sakinah

Answer 25

The sign of incomplete Idgham of the Noon Sakinah into the two letters (و ، ي )is the removal of the sign of Sukoon from the ‘ن’ without stressing the next letter

Question 26

The sign of Incomplete Idgham of the

Tanween

Answer 26

The sign of incomplete Idgham of the Tanween
into the two letters ( و ، ي ) is to put the two
Harakahs following each other: the harakah of the
letter and the one indicating the Tanween, like
this: without stressing the next letter

Question 27

The third Rule: Qalb ( (القلب

Answer 27

The changing of the Noon Sakinah
or Tanween when followed by a ‘ ب’ into a hidden
م‘ ’, with Ghunnah

Question 28

The sign of Changing the Noon Sakinah - in القلب

Answer 28

The sign of changing the Noon Sakinah in the
script of the mus’haf is putting a small ‘ م’ above
the letter ‘ ن’ instead of the Sukoon

Question 29

The sign of Changing the Tanween - in القلب

Answer 29

The sign of changing the Tanween in the script of
the mus’haf is putting a small ‘ م’ instead of the
second harakah which is the harakah indicating
the Tanween,

Question 30

The fourth Rule: Ikhfaa (الإخفاء

Answer 30

The Noon Sakinahand Tanweenare hidden with a ghunnah at 15 letters, collected in the beginning letters of the words of this verse (by Sheikh Sulaimanal-jamzuri).

صف ذا ثناكم جاد شخص قد سما دم طيبا زد في تقى ضع ظالما

Question 31

The meaning of Ikhfaa being a case

between Ithhar and Idgham

Answer 31

ghunnah — the tongue part
present — present — Ithhar
present — absent — Ikhfaa
absent — absent — Idgham

Question 32

What needs to be done when pronouncing the

Hidden Noon

Answer 32

1- Preparing the mouth for the articulation point of the next letter.

2- This is accompanied by a completely prolonged Ghunnah from the nasal cavity.

3- It is also accompanied by a hint of a sound from the mouth due to not closing the articulation point of the Noon (the tongue part) except for the ‘ ق’ and ‘ ,’ك
due to the complete closure at them

Question 33

Position of the tongue during the Ikhfaa of

the Noon at the ‘ ك’

Answer 33

The sound of the Ghunnah is light,
and the mouth part is locked at the
deepest part of the tongue

Question 34

Position of the tongue during the Ikhfaa of

the Noon at the ‘’ق

Answer 34

The sound of the Ghunnah is heavy,
and the mouth part is locked at the
deepest part of the tongue

Question 35

Ikhfaa - Attention

Answer 35

The sound of the Hidden Noon is heavy when
followed by a heavy letter,

Its sound is light when followed by a light letter

Question 36

The sign of Ikhfaa the Noon Sakinah

Answer 36

The sign of Ikhfaa of the Noon Sakinah in the script of the mus’haf is the removal of the Sukoon from the Noon without stressing the next letter,

Question 37

The sign of Ikhfaa the Tanween

Answer 37

The sign of Ikhfaa of the Tanween in the script of
the mus’haf is to put the two harakahs following
each other and not stressing the next letter

Question 38

The Most common mistakes which occur when

pronouncing the Noon Sakinah and Tanween

Answer 38

1- Making them clear at the letters of Idgham,
Iqlab or Ikhfaa.
2- Merging them into ‘ و’ and ‘ ي’ without Ghunnah.
3- Keeping a gap between the lips when changing
them into a Hidden ‘ م’, as in :
4- Giving the mouth one shape at all the letters of
Ikhfaa
5- Prolonging the duration of their Ghunnah more
than required, as in:
6- Hiding them at the letters ‘ غ’ and ‘ خ’ (in a
recitation other than Abu Jaafer)