Rreproductive system- male Flashcards
The reproductive tracts house & facilitate movement of ??? & ???
gametes & fluids
Accessory reproductive organs (aka secondary) include various ducts and glands as well as the ???
the external genitalia
which muscle causes scrotum to wrinkle: dartos or cremaster
dartos muscle
which muscle causes scrotum pull up in cold temperatures? Dartos or cremaster?
Cremaster muscle
which cell type in the central lumen in the stratified epithelium of the scrotum releases produce androgens eg testosterone
leydig cells AKA interstitial endocrine cells
Bulbo-urethral gland (aka Cowper’s) is pea sized, inferior to prostate and produces thick clear ??? which lubricates & ??? trace acidic urine prior to ejaculation
mucus which lubricates and neutralises trace acidic urine prior to ejaculation
- 5% of semen content
which male gland produces fluid containing fructose, citric acid, and enzymes- seminal glands or prostate glands?
seminal gland
which male gland produces fluid with nutrients and helps activate sperm- seminal glands or prostate glands?
prostate gland
which gland is responsible for clearing acidic urine from the urethra & lubricating it?
bulbourethral glands
what stimuli closes the internal urethral sphincters and stops urine from exiting with semen during ejaculation?
stimuli reaches critical level known as a spinal reflex mediated by sympathetic neurons
what causes the reproductive ducts & glands to contract, emptying their contents into the urethra
a spinal reflex mediated by sympathetic neurons
during ejaculation a second spinal reflex is triggered by the presence of ??? and mediated by ??? motor neurons
semen in urethra
somatic motor neurons
which spermatogenic cell supports & makes a blood-testis barrier & binds testosterone? (THINK: sustain)
sertoli cells, aka sustentocytes
sperm stem cells, called ??? constantly undergo mitotic division
spermatogonium
spermatids (immature sperm) are formed from ???
primary spermatocytes
maturation of spermatids occurs in seminiferous ??? to become ???
seminiferous tubules to become spermatozoa
spermiogenesis is when the Spermatid ???, sheds most
of its ???, forms a tail
Spermatid elongates, sheds most
of its cytoplasm, forms a tail
GnRH (gonadotrophin releasing
hormone) is released from the
???
hypothalamus
gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) causes the release of ??? and ??? from the anterior pituitary gland
FSH & LH release by the anterior
pituitary (follicle stimulating &
luteinizing hormones, aka
gonadotropins)
TRUE or FALSE:
FSH stimulates spermatogenesis via
sustentocytes in the testes which
release ABP (androgen-binding protein)
to keep testosterone nearby
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: LH stimulates testosterone
secretion (also estrogen) from
interstitial endocrine cells
TRUE
Hormone production is controlled by the
??? Axis
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) Axis
Is the following a negative or positive feedback loop?
Testosterone and Inhibin inhibits GnRH, FHS and LH release whilst hyppthalamus forms –> start of puberty
* → more GnRH is released
* → more FSH & LH
* → more testosterone!
* → spermatogenesis
Negative feedback loop
Inhibin is produced by Sertoli cells when sperm count is high and inhibits ???
GnRH, FHS, LH
