Rotavirus (29) Flashcards
The disease caused by rotavirus:
a. Results in 10,000 deaths in Australian children each year
b. Cannot be reduced by vaccination efforts
c. Can manifest as low level viremia or modulate autoimmunity
d. Always involves the liver
c. Can manifest as low level viremia or modulate autoimmunity
What is a feature of the rotavirus outer capsid?
a. VP7 is cleaved by trypsin to confer infectivity
b. The proteins only interact with molecules of the innate immune system
c. VP7 and VP4 are serotype determinants
d. It contains VP6 which is a group antigen that specifies species
c. VP7 and VP4 are serotype determinants
What would NOT be used to diagnose rotavirus?
a. RT-PCR
b. Enzyme immunoassay for group antigens like VP6
c. IgA conversion in stools
d. Southern blotting to detect VP8
d. Southern blotting to detect VP8
What is correct about rotavirus attachment and entry?
a. The process is multistep and depends on the VP4 serotype
b. VP7 initiates initial attachment to glycans
c. VP6 is required for integrin attachment
d. Histo blood group antigens cannot be used as receptors for VP8
a. The process is multistep and depends on the VP4 serotype
How does rotavirus interact with integrins?
a. Binding is independent of VP4
b. α2β1 is bound by VP5 and VP6
c. A VP5 DGE mutation will have no effect on integrin binding
d. αxβ2 is recognised by VP7 and binding aids cell entry
d. αxβ2 is recognised by VP7 and binding aids cell entry
What is FALSE about diabetes and rotavirus?
a. RRV cannot spread through the thymus of non-obese diabetic mice
b. Diabetes involves a long preclinical phase before autoantibodies cause the destruction of islet B cells by autoreactive T cells
c. 12 week old mice with advanced insulitis had an increased diabetes rate following rotavirus inoculation
d. When diabetic mice were infected with RRV at any age, they had no diarrhoea after 12 weeks and the virus was found in pancreatic lymph nodes
a. RRV cannot spread through the thymus of non-obese diabetic mice
A vaccine against rotavirus:
a. Must only use human specific strains
b. Needs to be used at the local site to induce intestinal IgA
c. Does not require the activity of gut-homing T and B cells
d. Would be most effective when administered after the first two years of life
b. Needs to be used at the local site to induce intestinal IgA
What is a feature of the rotashield vaccine?
a. It also protects against intussusception
b. It is derived from Bovine RRV and a human derived VP7
c. It is qudrivalent and live attenuated
d. It uses a monkey VP7
c. It is qudrivalent and live attenuated
What is a feature of the rotateq vaccine?
a. It is no longer used due to the risk of intussusception
b. It uses the most common human VP4 and VP7
c. It is qudravalent and contains only human derived virus
d. It uses monkey RRV
b. It uses the most common human VP4 and VP7
What is a feature of the rotatrix vaccine?
a. It uses a human G1 and the most common VP4
b. It uses bovine and moneky RRV
c. It is only 40% efficient in Victoria
d. It cannot provide herd immunity
a. It uses a human G1 and the most common VP4
• VP7 is a glycoprotein and provides the G serotype whilst VP4 is a protease cleavable spike protein and provides the P serotype.
T
• Like influenza virus, rotavirus serotype diversity is generated by virus gene segment reassortment.
T
• Sialidase sensitive rotaviruses initially attach to branched sialic acid residues.
F
• 20% of children are “non secretors” and do not express HBGA on gut epithelium and they demonstrate resistance to severe rotavirus disease.
T
• The VP8 binding sites are very different in GM3 and A-type HBGA.
F
