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MIIM30014 Virology > Herpesviruses (17) > Flashcards

Herpesviruses (17) Flashcards

1
Q

What is not a reason that persistent viral infections are significant?

a. They can only be eradicated by antiviral chemotherapy
b. Unapparent infections can be reactivated
c. They can lead to immunopathogenic diseases
d. They may be established in vaccinated people

A

a. They can only be eradicated by antiviral chemotherapy

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2
Q

Which virus has a 150kb dsDNA genome with inverted repeats and terminal repeats?

a. Hepadna
b. Parvovirus
c. Herpesvirus
d. Papovavirus

A

c. Herpesvirus

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3
Q

What is false about herpesviruses?

a. There are 8 human types that all establish lifelong latency
b. VZV, HSV1 and HSV2 are all alphaherpesviruses
c. EBV is a gammaherpesvirus that causes glandular fever
d. Human herpes virus 6 is a betaherpesvirus that causes fever and shingles

A

d. Human herpes virus 6 is a betaherpesvirus that causes fever and shingles

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4
Q

What are the sites of persistence for the three major herpesvirus subfamilies?

a. Alphaherpesviruses persist in neurons
b. Betaherpesviruses persist in lymphocytes
c. Gammaherpesviruses persist in monocytes
d. Deltaherpesviruses persist in secretory glands

A

a. Alphaherpesviruses persist in neurons

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5
Q

What is a feature of replicating and non-replicating genomes?

a. Ori-P is used when EBV replicates during lytic infection
b. HSV has OriL and OriS for replicating during lytic infection
c. Ori-Lyt is used when EBV replicates during latent infection of B cells
d. EBV has a non-replicating genome

A

b. HSV has OriL and OriS for replicating during lytic infection

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6
Q

What is involved in HSV infection of the primary surface?

a. 90% of infected individuals develop lesions
b. Approximately 10% of infections spread to the blood
c. 85-90% of those infected have an unapparent infection
d. Individuals without symptoms are sero-negative

A

c. 85-90% of those infected have an unapparent infection

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7
Q

What happens during HSV latent infections?

a. 90% of infections spread to the blood following local multiplication in regional lymph nodes
b. Primary disease can lead to the virus migrating to sensory nerve ganglia
c. Primary disease always leads to inapparent infection and a negative serotype
d. The virus can only travel by retrograde axonal flow

A

b. Primary disease can lead to the virus migrating to sensory nerve ganglia

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8
Q

What happens during HSV recurrence?

a. HSV-1 replicates in the sacral ganglion
b. 50% of facial isolates are HSV-2
c. HSV-2 replicates in the trigeminal ganglion
d. 40% of genital isolates are HSV-1

A

d. 40% of genital isolates are HSV-1

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9
Q

What occurs during VZV infection?

a. A skin rash appears on day 10
b. Primary viremia occurs roughly a month after exposure
c. Secondary viremia involves B cells and occurs 15 days after exposure
d. Skin vesicles do not contain virus particles

A

a. A skin rash appears on day 10

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10
Q

What is not a feature of EBV?

a. It infects and persists in T cells
b. It causes glandular fever and infects the oropharyngeal cavity
c. 90% of humans are latent carriers
d. It contains an Ori-P and Ori-Lyt

A

a. It infects and persists in T cells

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11
Q

• The longest period of virus release occurs during infections that are acute.

A

F (chronic)

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12
Q

• Out of all Herpesviruses, only HSV1 and 2 can cause lifelong persistent infection.

A

F

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13
Q

• Gene expression is limited during herpesvirus latency.

A

T

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14
Q

• Herpesviruses integrate their DNA into host genomes using an episome.

A

F (no integration)

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15
Q

• The circular herpesvirus episome acts as a template for the dsDNA linear genome by rolling circle replication.

A

T

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16
Q

• HSV-CNS disease is rare in adults and 70% fatal.

A

T

17
Q

• LATs are stably translated in virus infected cells.

A

F

18
Q

• Immediate early gene expression results in latent infection of Herpesvirus.

A

F

19
Q

• Unlike measles infection, the rash vesicles that result from VZV infection contain virus particles.

A

T

20
Q

What is a feature of latent EBV infection?

a. It occurs in CD4+ T cells
b. Viral genes like EBNA1-6 and LMP1,2 are up-regulated
c. EBNA-1 is involved in the replication of the viral genome in dividing B cells
d. It is initiated by interactions between B cell receptors and LMP1

A

c. EBNA-1 is involved in the replication of the viral genome in dividing B cells

21
Q

What kinds of B cells are involved in EBV latency?

a. Type I have no EBV antigen expression
b. Type III only express EBNA-1
c. Type II express 9 latent EBV antigens
d. Circulating B cells express 3 latent EBV antigens

A

b. Type III only express EBNA-1

22
Q

How can EBV be linked with tumorogenesis?

a. Burkitt’s lymphoma can arise when cells express EBV EBNA1 and there is a chromosome translocation of c-myc and Ig
b. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma can arise when cells express EBNA 1 through 6
c. Hodgkin’s disease can arise when cells express EBNA1, LMP1 and LMP2
d. A chromosome translation and expression of LMP1 can lead to adenocarcinoma

A

a. Burkitt’s lymphoma can arise when cells express EBV EBNA1 and there is a chromosome translocation of c-myc and Ig

23
Q

What is a feature of congenital CMV?

a. 90% of primary infections during pregnancy are transmitted to the foetus
b. 85% of foetal infections lead to asymptomatic infection
c. 100% of symptomatic foetal infections lead to long term sequelae
d. 40% of asymptomatic foetal infections lead to hearing loss

A

b. 85% of foetal infections lead to asymptomatic infection

24
Q

• The initial lytic stage of EBV infection occurs in B cells.

A

F

25
Q

• EBV is the leading infectious cause of stillbirth.

A

F (CMV)

26
Q

What is the binding site for latent-gene product EBNA-1?

a. LATs
b. Ori-P
c. Ori-lyt
d. DR1

A

b. Ori-P

27
Q

Blocking immediate early gene expression (i.e. via IFN) leads to LAT expression and latent infection.

A

T

28
Q

Retrograde neuronal transport of the virus leads to reactivation.

A

F (anterograde outwards from the nervous system)

MIIM30014 Virology (23 decks)

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