Root Words Flashcards
oculo, oculus
eye
ex: oculomotor
Occiput
back part of the head
ex: occipital
odont
tooth
ex: orthodontist
-oid
like
ex: cushingoid
-oma
tumor, neoplasm
ex: sarcoma
omos
shoulder
ex: omohyoidius
ophthalmos
eye
ex: ophthalmoscope
orchio, orchis
testis
ex: mesorchium
orgio
beginning
ex: origin
ortho
straight
ex: orthodontist
os
mouth
ex: ostium
os
bone
ex: os coxae
osteo
bone
ex: osteocyte
oto
ear
ex: otoscope
ova
egg
ex: oviduct
-oxia
oxygen
ex: hypoxia
palma
palm
ex: palmar
pan
all
ex: panophtahalmitis
para
beside
ex: paracondylar
paresis, -paresis
incomplete paralysis
ex: paraparesis
parieto
wall
ex: parietal
path
disease
ex: pathology
pectoralis, pectus
breast, chest
ex: pectoral
pedo, pedalis
food
ex: biped
peri
around
“perimysium”
phago
to eat
“phagocytic”
phalanx
line or array of soldiers
“phalanges”
phobia
fear
“photophobia”
photo
light
“photophobia”
phrenic
pertaining to the diaphragm
“phrenic nerve”
pia
tender
“pia mater”
pirum
pear
“piriformis”
plantare
to plant
“plantar”
plasia
formation
“hyperplasia”
plegia, -plegia
paralysis
“quadriplegic”
pleuro
side, rib
“pleural”
pneumo
air, lung
“pneumonia”
pod
foot
“podiatrist”
pollex
thumb
“pollicus”
poly
many
“polyarthritis”
porta
gate
“portal”
post
after
“postsurgical”
pre, pro
before
“prenatal”
procto
rectum
“proctologist”
proximus
next
“proximal”
pseudo
false
“pseduopregnancy”
ptergion
wing
“pterygoid”
pulmo
lung
“pulmonary”
pyo
pus
“pyometra”
pyro
fire
“pyrogenic”
quadr
four
“quadriplegic”
radius
spoke
“radius”
Ram
branch
“ramus”
rect
straight
“rectus”
ren
kidney
“renal”
retinaculum
rope, cable
“retinaculum”
retro
backwards
“retroarticular”
rhino
nose
“rhinitis”
rostra, rostrum
beak, nose
“rostral”
rotare
to turn
“rotate”
-rrhage
bustforth, flow
“hemorhrage”
sagitta
arrow
“sagittal”
sarco
flesh
“sarcoid”
sclera
hard
“sclerosis”
Scope
see
“microscope”
sect
to cut
“dissect”
semi
half
“semicircular”
sept
wall
“septum”
serra
a saw
“serrated”
soma
body
“somatic”
sperm
seed
“speratid”
splanchno
viscera
“splanchnic”
squam
scale
“squamous”
stasis
standing still
“homeostasis”
stetho
chest
“stethoscope”
-stomy
provide opening or mouth
“tracheostomy”
strati
layered
“stratified”
stylos
pillar, column
“styloid”
sub
under
“subscapular”
super, supra
over, above
“suprascapular”
supinus
lying on back, face upward
“supinate”
sym, syn
together
“synthesis”
systole
a drawing together, contracting
“asystoloe”
tachy
rapid
“tachycardia”
tamnien
to cut
“anatomy”
teno
tendon
“tenotomy”
teres
long and round
“teres minor”
thermo
heat
“thermometer”
thrombo
clot
“thrombocyte”
toxo
poison
“toxic”
-tome, -tomy, tomo
a cutting
“enterotomy”
transverses
placed crosswise
“transverse”
tri
three
“triceps”
troch, trochilia
pulley
“trochlear”
-trophic, -trophy
nourishing
“hypertrophic”
tuber
a swelling, protuberance
“tubercle”
tunic
covering or coat
“vaginal tunic”
tympano
drum
“tympanic membrane”
ulna
the arm
“ulna”
unguis
the nail
“ungual”
uni
one
“unicorn”
-uria
urine
“Polyuria”
uro
urinary
“uroltih”
vaginae
sheath
“invaginate”
vagus
wandering
“vagus n.”
vaso
vessel
“vascular”
vastus
great, vast
“vast”
ven
vein
vena cava
venter
belly
“ventral”
villus
tuft of hair
“villi”
vita
live
“vital”
vivi
alive
“vivparous”
xiphos
sword
“xiphoid process”
zoo
animal
“zoology”
zygo
yoke, join
“zygote”
a (an)
without, not
“acephalia”
ab
of, off, away from
“abduct”
acro
extremity
“acromegaly”
ad
to, toward
“adduct”
adeno
gland or glandular
“adenoma”
adipo
fat
“adipose”
aer, aero
related to air or oxygen
“anaerobic”
ala, alaris
wing (pertaining to a wing)
“alar notch”
alba
white
“linea alba”
-algia
pain
“neuralgia”
ambi
both
“ambidextrous”
ana
again
“anatomy”
angi
vessel
“angiogram”
ankon
elbow
“anconeal”
ankylo
bent
“ankylosis”
annularis
ring
“annular”
ante
before
“antemortem”
anti
against
“antibiotic”
aqua
water
“aqueous”
arthro
joing
“arthritis”
articularis
jointed
“articular”
auris, auriculo
ear, little ear
“auricular mm.”
auto
self
“autopsy”
bi
two
“biped”
bio
live
“biology”
blast
germ, bud
“osteoblast”
blepharo
eyelid
“blepharospasm”
brachi
arm
“brachium”
brachys
short
“brachycephalic”
brady
slow
“bradycardia”
brevis
short
“peroneus brevi”
buccal
cheek
“buccinator”
bulla
blister
“tympanic bulla”
bursa
wine skin
“bursitis”
capit, caput
head
“decapitate”
cardio, cardia
pertaining to the heart
“epicardium”
cauda
tail
“caudal”
cec
blind
“cecum”
cephalic, cephalo
head
“hydrocephalicus”
cervix
neck
“cervical”
chole, chol, cholo
bile
“cholecystitis”
chondros
cartilage
“chondroblast”
clast
to break
“osteoclast”
cleido
collar bone
“clavicle”
coccyg
tail
“coccyx”
coele
hollow
“blastocoele”
col, colo
colon
“colitis”
con
with, together
“concurrent”
conch
shell
“concha”
contra
against, opposed
“contralateral”
coracoid
beak-like
“coracoid process”
corn
horn
“cornual process”
cortico
bark, shell, rind
“cortex”
costal, costa
rib
“intercostal”
corona
crown
“coronary”
coxa
hip
“os coxae”
cranium
head
“neurocranium”
cruci, crux
cross
“cruciate”
crus
a leg-like part
“crural”
crypt
hidden
“cryptorchid”
cubit, cubitus
elbow
“cubital”
cutis
skin
“subcutaneous”
cyan
dark blue
“cyanosis”
cyst, cysto
bladder
“cystitis”
-cyte
cell, hollow
“osetocyte”
delta
triangular
“deltoideus”
dent
tooth
“dental”
derma
skin
“hypodermis”
di-
double, twice
“diploid”
dia
through, across
“diameter”
distans
distant
“distal”
dolicho
long
“dolichocephalic”
dorsum
back
“dorsal”
ducere, ductus
to draw or lead
“adduct”
duo
two
“duodenum”
dura
hard
“dura mater”
dys
difficult, impaired
“dysuria”
ecto
outside
“ectoparasite”
-ectome
excision
“tonsillectomy”
-eidos, -oid
form, like
“sigmoid”
-emia
blood
“anemia”
encephalo
brain
“encephalitis”
endo
within
“endoparasite”
entero
intestines
“enteritis”
epi
upon
“epidermis”
erythro
red
“erythrocyte”
ex
out
“extend”
extra
beyond, outward
“extracapsular”
ferre
to carry
“efferent”
flav
yellow
“lig. flavum”
foramen
hole
“foramen ovale”
fornix
arch or vault-like space
“vaginal fornix”
fossa
trench or channel
“fossa ovale”
fovea
pit, depression
“fovea capitis”
gastro
stomach
“gastric ulcer”
genesis
originating, forming
“osteogenesis”
genua, genu
knee
“genual jt”
gloss
tongue
“glossitis”
gloutos
buttocks
“gluteal”
gnatho
jaw
“brachygnathia”
graph
something written
“biography”
guttur
throat
“guttural”
gyn, gyne, gyno
female
“gynecology”
haemo, hemo
blood
“hemoglobin”
hemi
half
“hemiplegia”
epatos, hepar
liver
“hepatitis”
hetero
different
“heterosexual”
histo
tissue
“histology”
homeo
alike, unchanging, constant
“homeostasis”
homo
same
“homozygous”
hyalo
glassy, clear
“hyaline”
hydro
water
“hydrophobia”
hyper
excessive
“hypertension”
hypo
under
“hypodermis”
hysteron
uterus
“hysterectomy”
infra
beneath
“infraorbital”
inter
between
“intercellular”
intra
within
“intracellular”
ipsi
same
“ipsilateral”
iso
equal
“isotonic”
-itis
inflammation
“dermatitis”
kerato
cornea or horn
“keratin”
kneme
leg
“gastrocnemius”
kondylos
knuckle
“condyle”
korone
crown
“coranoid”
lacrima
tear
“lacrimal gland”
lact
milk
“lactation”
lacun
pit, lake
“lacuna”
lamin
layer, plate
“lamina”
leuco
white
“leucocyte”
linea
line
“linea alba”
lingua
tongue
“lingual”
lipo
fat
“lipoma”
lith, -lith
stone
“urolith”
-logy
word, reason
“arthrology”
lysis
destroy, divided
“lytic”
macro
large
“macroscopic”
macula
spot
“macula densa”
malleus
hammer
“malleolus”
mamma
breast
“mammary gland”
mastos, mast
breast
“mastitis”
mater
mother
“pia mater”
meatus
passage
“acoustic meatus”
medialis
middle
“medial”
medulla
marrow
“medullary”
mega, -megaly
large
“megacolon”
mentum
chin
“mental foramen”
mesos
middle
“mesoderm”
meta
change
“metamorphosis”
meter
measure
“thermometer”
metra, metro
uterus (womb)
“pyometra”
micro
small
“microscope”
mono
single
“monorchid”
morpho
form
“morphology”
multi
many, much
“multifocal”
myelo-
marrow or spinal cord
“myelogram”
myo
muscle
“myology”
nasus
nose
“nasal”
natal, -natal
birth
“postnatal”
necro
dead
“necropsy”
neo
new, strange
“neoplasm”
nephro
kidney
“nephritis”
neuro
nerve
“neuritis”
nigra
black
“Substantia nigra”
noct
night, darkness
“nocturnal”
amphi
both
“amphibian”
ansa
handle, loop
“ansa subclavia”
ase
enzyme
“lactase”
chlor
green
“chlorophyll”
choan
funnel
“choana”
chromo
color
“chromophil”
chyle
juice
“chyle”
chyme
juice
“chyme”
condylus
knuckle
“condyle”
de
down, from
“detoxification”
desmo
fibrous
“syndesmosis”
fenestra
window
“fenestration”
gamos, gameto
marriage
“gamete”
gen
to produce
“genetic”
glyco
sweet, sugar
“glycogen”
gon
seed
“gonad”
hippo
horse
“hippocampus”
horm
to set in motion
“hormone”
hymen
membrane
“hymen”
hypsi, hypso
high, height
“hypsodont”
in
into
“incision”
leio
smooth
“leiomyoma”
lemma
skin
“sarcolemma”
mal
ill
“malocclusion”
morti
death
“postmortem”
noto
back
“notocord”
nucha
nape, scruff
“nuchal ligg”
oligo
little, few
“oligodontia”
omphalos
navel
“omphalocele”
opisthe
behind
“opisthotonos”
ornith
bird
“ornithology”
ose
sugar, carbohydrate
“fructose”
osti
door, opening
“ostium”
pachys
thick
“pachyderma”
phil
loving
“eosinophil”
phon
voice, sound
“phonogram”
platy
flat
“Platyhelminthes”
psych
mind, soul
“psychology”
pulic
flea
“pulicosis”
rachi, rachio
spine
“rachiotomy”
rete
net
“rete testis”
rubro-
red
“rubrospinal”
scolio
twisted
“scoliosis”
scutum
shield
“scutiform”
sella
saddle
“sella turcica”
septicus
putrid
“septicemia”
somni
sleep
“insomnia”
stella
star
“stellate”
steno
narrow
“stenosis”
stoma
mouth
“stomatopathy”
tacti
touch
“tactile”
tapet
carpet, rug
“tapetum”
tele
far off, end
“telephase”
terato
monster
“teratogen”
theca
case, covering
“theca externa”
therio
beast
“theriogenology”
tricho
hair
“trichobezoar”
tropho
nutrition
“trophoblast”
ultra
beyond
“untrasonography”
unguiculus
claw
“ungual crest”
ungula
hoof
“ungulate”
vermis
worm
“vermifuge”
vesicula
blister, bladder
“vesicular”
xanthos
yellow
“xanthochromia”
xero
dry
“xeroderma”
