Neck and Thorax Flashcards
Location of 1st cervical nerve
exits through the lateral vertebral foramen of the atlas.
External Jugular Vein
Location: groove b/n sterocephalicus & brachiocephalicus.
cranially it’s made from the ventral Linguofacial vein and the dorsal Maxillary vein.
Location where cervical nerves 2-7 exit
through intervertebral foramen b/n adjacent vertebrae.
where 8th cervical nerve exits
intervertebral foramina b/n 7th cervical vertebra and 1st thoracic vertebra
Cephalic Vein
Location: cranial aspect of forearm
gives off the axillobrachial vein
empties into external jugular vein near brachiocephalicus m.’s humeral attachment
Accessory Nerve
Location: b/n cervical portion of brachiocephalicus m. and trapezius m.
Entry: deep surface of trapezius m. (caudally)
ONLY nerve that supplies trapezius m.
How would inflammation or surgical manipulation of superficial cervical lymph nodes affect accessory nerve?
If they press too much into the nerve,
Carotid sheath contains:
- Common carotid artery
- Vagosympathetic Nerve trunk
- Internal jugular vein (small)
Carotid Sheath Location
dorsal to fuesed sternohyoideus and sternothyroideus mm.
Thyroid glands
Lie on either side of trachea.
located near the cranial carotid sheath
Axilla
- space b/n forelimb and thoracic wall (armpit).
- bound by serratus ventralis m. dorsally & pectoral mm. ventrally.
Axillary Vein
Transverses axillary space & enters arm.
Axillary Lymph Node
Location: Caudal to axillary vein against medial mm. of forelimb
not normally palpable in dogs
Mediastinum contains:
- Heart
- Great vessels
- Esophagus
- Trachea
- Several other structures
Hilus of the Lungs
where bronchi and vessels enter the lungs
Left Lungs’ Lobes
- cranial part of Cranial lobe
- caudal part of Caudal lobe
- Caudal lobe
Thymus
part of immune system.
Large in young animal & small in older animal.
Internal thoracic arteries
- Run from cranial mediastinum caudally on dorsal surface of sternum.
- There are a right and left one
- Give off branches that run dorsally, caudal to each rib.
Aorta
Large, light colored vessel immediately ventral to vertebral column.
Caudal Vena Cava
Location: about the level of the heart’s dorsal border & deep to accessory lob of right lung on the midline.
Right Lung’s Lobes
- Cranial Lobe - undivided
- Middle Lobe
- Caudal Lobe
- Accessory Lobe
Accessory Lobe’s location
b/n caudal mediastinum & fold of mediastinum that contains the vena cava.
Cardiac Notch
Location: b/n cranial & middle lobes of right lung
Allows pericardial sac to contact thoracic wall.
Where intracardiac injections are given.
Phrenic Nerves
Formed by branches from 5th - 7th cervical nerves.
Run caudally on either side of mediastinum, alongside pericardial sac & enter diaphragm.
Function: supply motor and sensory innervation to diaphragm