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Hist 226 > Rome's Public Affairs > Flashcards

Rome's Public Affairs Flashcards

1
Q

Lapis Niger

A

Called the “black stone”; emerged in archaeology, refers to a king

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2
Q

Rex

A

Latin for king

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3
Q

Imperium

A

having authority/absolute power, called the shots

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4
Q

Previous monarchs’ roles

A

Chief judge, general, priest; no distinction between church and state, or civilian and military

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5
Q

Res Publica

A

“in the public interest”; people overthrew kings through a revolution and established this system of government

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6
Q

Rewards of a citizen

A

Requirement: males

Hold office, vote, have libertas

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7
Q

Libertas

A

liberty; citizens would be treated equally before the law

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8
Q

Pomerium

A

Boundary separating political activity area
Cannot bear arms
Can vote here in person

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9
Q

Mos maiorum

A

“custom of ancestors”; no written constitution, so they followed the traditional way of doing things

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10
Q

Struggle of the Orders

A

division of the citizens into Patricians and Plebeians

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11
Q

Secession of the Plagues

A

Plebeians say they will leave the state –> Patricians recognize the Plebs and create the Concilium Plebis

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12
Q

Tribune of the plebs

A

Ten leaders of the Concilium Plebis

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13
Q

Military Tribune

A

Negotiation during the Struggle of Orders; between 2 Patrician consuls or 3 military tribunes for either Patrician/Plebeian

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14
Q

Consuls

A

2 joint head of state
Imperium
Accompanied by lictors with fasces outside the Pomerium
Intercessio

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15
Q

If one consul dies…

A

suffect replaces until the end of the year

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16
Q

If two consuls die

A

interrex holds elections within 5 days

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17
Q

Intercession

A

Consuls can intercede and veto the other consul since they do not need to act as a unit.

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18
Q

Praetor

A

6, Serve judges in Rome; imperium, 4 would help supervise four providences, 2 would serve the judges

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19
Q

Difference between consuls and praetors

A

Could only exercise imperium in the sphere he had been assigned; praetor could not veto consul

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20
Q

Censors

A

2, at least one plebeian
In practice, only consuls
Jobs: take census (determine membership by wealth), put mark (nota) on behavior, draw up list of senators

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21
Q

Curule Aediles

A

2, oversee markets, entertainments; maintain public buildings

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22
Q

Quaestors

A

10, assistants to consuls; help supervise financial interests or provinces

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23
Q

Aediles of the plebs

A

when tribunes were the leaders of the plebs; responsibilities expanded to become Curule Aediles

24
Q

Tribunes of the plebs

A

10
Sacrosanctitas - cannot touch them
Coercitio - have right to compel Roman citizen to obey their orders
Auxilium - can protect plebeian against harsh treatment from patricians
Presided over con cilium plebis –> laws passed called plebiscite
Intercession - veto action of any magistrate
Iustitium - can suspend state businesses until they considered a law

25
Q

Dictator

A

appointed in times of stress/crisis

Appoints Magister Equity

26
Q

Magister Equitum

A

appointed by Dictator

Imperium, ranked equal to praetor

27
Q

Curia

A

principle place for groups to meet (i.e. Forum for Senate)

28
Q

Cursus honorum

A

course of progress of honors

Requirements: male, respectable, army service, $$ (expensive)

29
Q

Quaestorship (regarding cursus honorum)

A

10
Requirements: 30 years old
At the next census (5 years), censors will make you a senator (can be senator for life, or go to next level)

30
Q

Praetor (regarding cursus honorum)

A

Had to be praetor after quaestorship if wanted to go to next level (more competition since there are 6 instead of 10)

31
Q

Aediles (regarding cursus honorum)

A

Put on good show so that everyone will remember you when you campaign to be praetor (2 aediles for patricians)

Typically, 10 Tribune of the plebs try to get this office

32
Q

Consul (regarding cursus honorum)

A

What everyone wants; must be 42 years, must have been praetor and quester

33
Q

How many years until reviewed?

A

5 years

34
Q

How many senators?

A

300

35
Q

Role of senate

A

Advisory counsel of king/consul; only meets for issue that magistrates must summon
Speak in rank order; magistrate chooses what proposals

36
Q

Princeps senatus

A

1 of Senate

37
Q

Senatus Consultum

A

What is decided by the vote in Senate

38
Q

Auctoritas

A

What Senate has; informal authority and influence (in finance and foreign affairs)

39
Q

Contio

A

informal assembly where magistrate explains proposal to the citizens

40
Q

Lex

A

Law - once assemblies vote (after Senate)

41
Q

Comity centuriata

A

voting when unit is by century (100); mainly for military

42
Q

SPQR

A

Senatus Populusque Romanus, “Senate and People of Rome”

43
Q

Importance of military accomplishments in getting elected, toga

A

Election only a few weeks; wear toga to show scars on front

44
Q

Requirements of magistrates

A

citizen, army, money

45
Q

amici (amicus)/amicitia

A

friend, associates when running

46
Q

Two things not to do in Roman election:

A

join political party, issue manifesto

47
Q

How to stand out in Roman election

A

Military service
Refer to family
Patronus/cliens relationship (hereditary)

48
Q

Novus Homo

A

first member in family to try to be in a certain level of leadership

49
Q

Nobilis

A

from a high class family where there has been a consul

50
Q

suo anno

A

“in his year,” best to be elected “sup anno,” when he is 42.

51
Q

imago

A

wax face mask, reason someone might want to run

52
Q

Triumph

A

procession in Rome where you and army come through the streets of the city to thank God Jupiter on capital

53
Q

Ovation

A

mini procession, not quite as great victory; triumph = better

54
Q

Why people would even run

A 
Nothing else to do
Mos Maiorum (if father does something, I should too) 
Auctoritas
Dignitas
Imago - family pride
Might get share in loot
Laus (praise), gloria (glory)
Hopes for priesthood
55
Q

Togato Barberini

A

person in distinct toga, marble sculpture of full boy

Hist 226 (15 decks)

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