Roman Army Flashcards
What are the three naming conventions? Marcus Tullius Cicero
Praenomen- Marcus, rename (limited number you can be called)
Nomen - Tullius, basic Roman name; family name
Cognomen - Cicero, like surname (not necessary)
What names did people call them by?
Family members - by praenomen
Others - by nomen or cognomen
What were women called?
Female form of father’s nomen (major, minor)
Now, how do books index names?
By nomen
Religious beliefs?
Conviction that divine forces affect lives and can cause harm.
How to have peace with gods?
Pax Decorum - favorable relationship with gods (ex. Trump)
- Done by: prayer, sacrifice, divination (will of gods)
Controlled by priests (major priests are senators)
What the army does NOT have
Permanent standing army Military profession Special training/office of school No stationing troops near/in Rome (can't bring arms within Pomerium) No chariots/elephants/artillery
Legion
4200 men
How many legions do consuls have
two each, so altogether there are four
Who runs the lion?
Military tribunes
Military tribunes -
equites; elected in tribal assembly, six per legion
Legate
purpose was because consuls can’t go to war all the time. Legate is a fellow senator (appointed by Senate). Legate is in charge when the legion is sent on its own.
Dilectus
“choosing,” “selection” - all able bodies between 17-46 must line up and are chosen for military. The poor don’t ave to come because soldiering is a privilege.
Each man can be drafted up between 17-46 years old. If selected, it is a good thing.
How many categories of troops?
five: velites (youngert, rawest), then hastati (more experienced), princeps, and triarii (backup, older)
What weapons did elites have?
pilum - for throwing, greaves
