ROM & Stretching HW Flashcards by shawna shinody

This type of ROM is characterized by manual or mechanical assistance provided by an outside force because the prime mover muscles are unable to complete the full motion.

AAROM

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This type of ROM is characterized by unrestricted movement that is produced entirely by external force with little to no voluntary muscular contraction.

PROM

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This type of ROM is characterized by unrestricted movement that is produced entirely by external force with little to no voluntary muscular contraction.

AROM

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PROM can prevent muscle atrophy

true
false

false

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PROM can minimize the formation of a contracture

true
false

true

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AROM can maintain/increase strength in strong muscles

true
false

true

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AROM can increase circulation & prevent thrombus formation

true
false

true

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Which of the following is a goal of passive range of motion (PROM) exercises?

Prevent muscle atrophy

Enhance movement of synovial fluid for articular cartilage nutrition

Increase joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle length

Improve muscle perfo

Enhance movement of synovial fluid for articular cartilage nutrition

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All of the following can cause impaired range of motion (ROM) except:

Early movement after surgery.

Muscle imbalance and disuse.

Neurological injury.

Systemic inflammatory disease.

Early movement after surgery.

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Which of the following is a contraindication to PROM exercises?

When movement of a body segment is disruptive to the healing process

Presence of muscle weakness or paralysis

Presence of chronically impaired circulation

When a patient is in a coma

When movement of a body segment is disruptive to the healing process

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When incorporating functional patterns into ROM interventions, which of the following guidelines is correct?

PROM should always be performed in anatomical planes of motion to reinforce motor learning.

Mechanical assistance should not be used for assisted ROM because it will reduce motor learning.

Incorporate the functional movement into the patient’s daily activities once the pattern can be performed safely and correctly, without assistance or compensation.

Patients with visual impairments should always perform ROM in anatomical planes, avoiding functional patterns, so that joint alignment is maintained.

Incorporate the functional movement into the patient’s daily activities once the pattern can be performed safely and correctly, without assistance or compensation.

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Which of the following best describes ROM exercises?

Functional excursion of a muscle

Passive or active stretching exercise beyond the available range of movement

Active muscle insufficiency

Passive, assisted, or active movement of a body segment through the available range of motion

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hich of the following is a true statement about ROM exercises?

Passive ROM is synonymous with stretching.

If a joint is hypermobile, PROM exercises are contraindicated.

Passive ROM can be carried out manually or mechanically.

Whenever possible, active-assistive ROM should be performed in positions that eliminate the effect of gravity on the weak muscle that is actively contracting.

Passive ROM can be carried out manually or mechanically.

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This type of ROM can be used for aerobic conditioning programs.

AROM

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this type of ROM can help the pts maintain an awareness of movement

PROM

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this type of ROM can be used to assist pts through full range in a carefully controlled manner

AAROM

this type of ROM can be beneficial when pts unable to actively move a segment of the body, such as a pt that is paralyzed

PROM

this type of ROM can be used to manually demonstrate a desired motion on a pt

PROM

this type of ROM can help a pt develop coordination & motor skills for functional activities

AROM

Which of these patients is not a candidate for range of motion exercises?

cervical fracture with C5 spinal cord injury, prior to spinal stabilization

immediate post-operative percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

immediate post-operative total hip arthroplasty using a posterior approach

mechanically ventilated patient following a period of sedative interruption

cervical fracture with C5 spinal cord injury, prior to spinal stabilization

In which of the following cases would stretching not be indicated?

a patient after a stroke with shoulder flexion that is limited to 135 degrees

an individual with a severe hip flexor contracture due to prolonged immobilization

gastrocnemius-soleus stiffness in a swimmer who specializes in 100-meter butterfly

greater than normal finger flexion tightness in a patient with a C6 spinal cord injury

this type of stretch is well beyond the normal length of muscle & ROM of a joint

overstretching

this type of stretch does not require any active movement from the patient

passive stretching

this type of stretch allows some structures to tighten (shortened) while other are stretched (elongated) to improve overall function

selective stretching

this type of stretch is designed to relax tension in shortened muscles reflexively prior to or during muscle elongation

neuromuscular facilitation

This term describes the ability of soft tissue to return to its prestretch resting length direction after a short duration stretch force has been removed.

elasticity

This term describes a change in length that is related to the viscosity of the tissue and is therefore time dependent.

creep

This term describes the tendency of soft tissue to assume a new and greater length after a stretch force has been removed.

plasticity

A patient has been receiving therapeutic exercise, including stretching, to improve ROM for 3 weeks. The PTA notes that the patient has not demonstrated any progress in ROM gains with the current stretching program. This is most likely a result of:

elasticity

When a PTA develops a stretching program that fits the patient’s lifestyle and that the patient is likely to follow, it is reasonable to expect improvement in all of the following areas except: cardiorespiratory performance functional performance muscle flexibility muscle performance

cardiorespiratory performance

Which of the following correctly matches the muscle stretch receptors / sensors with their normal physiologic function? the Golgi Tendon Organ monitors tension and adjust the force of the agonist muscle during a stretch the Golgi Tendon Organ prevents damage during stretching by facilitating surrounding muscles the muscle spindle receives and conveys information regarding the rate and strength of fiber contraction the muscle spindle responds to gradual changes in velocity and muscle length changes

the Golgi Tendon Organ monitors tension and adjust the force of the agonist muscle during a stretch

Which of the following is not an expected outcome associated with poor flexibility? faulty movement patterns in adjacent joints localized discomfort in the inflexible tissue severe limitations in daily functional activities stretch weakness of agonistic muscle groups

severe limitations in daily functional activities

Which of these is a correct statement regarding stretching? a carefully selected program of low-load, long duration stretching may correct capsular tightness pre-activity stretching will increase all aspects of event performance, particularly in high level athletes posture and stabilization do not matter as long as the patient “feels the stretch” with every repetition proper stretching is vital to all stages of healing, including the acute inflammatory phase of rehabilitation

a carefully selected program of low-load, long duration stretching may correct capsular tightness

Which of these terms best describes the ability of the body to move through the range of motion? flexibility functional mobility relative flexibility stiffness

flexibility

Which type of stretch is preferred for a well-trained athlete when being performed as a warm-up for explosive activities? ballistic stretching dynamic stretching low load long duration stretching PNF stretching static stretching

dynamic stretching