ROM Flashcards
ROM of joint
measured by goniometer
muscle range
related to function excursion of muscles
function excursion
the distance a muscle is capable of shortening after it has been elongated to its max
one joint muscle
ROM directly limited by the joint it crosses
- brachialis, elbow
two joint muscles
ROM goes beyond limit of any one joint it crosses
- hamstring, hip, knee
active insufficiency
2 jt muscles
reaches when mm becomes shorter to where it cant generate/maintain active tension
- feels like cramps
- shortest possible length of mm
passive insufficiency
2 jt muscles
reached when opposing mm is stretched to where it can no longer lengthen
- longest possible length of muscle
types of ROM exercises x3
PROM
AROM
AAROM
PROM
movement of segment within available ROM by external force (gravity, machine, person, or self)
no mm contraction
AROM
movement of segment within available ROM produced by mm contraction crossing a joint
AAROM
type of arom w assistance is manually/mechanically provided by external force
mm need assistance to complete motion
indications for PROM x3
acute, inflammed tissue
unable/not supposed to actively move a body segment
after surgery repair of contractile tissue
goals for PROM x7
decrease complications that would occur with immobilization
- minimize formation of contractures
- maintain joint & CT mobility & mechanical plasticity of mm
- enhance synovial membrane for cartilage nutrition
- help w circulation & vascular dynamics
- assist w healing after injury/surgery
- maintain pts awareness of movement
indications for AROM x5
- pt can contract mm actively & move w/wo assistance
- aerobic conditioning
- stress relief from prolonged postures
- above/below immobilized segment
- weak mm & unable to move jt through desired ROM (AAROM)
limitations of AROM x2
does not:
- maintain/increase strength in strong muscles
- develop skill/coordination beyond the movement pattern used
Limitations of PROM x3
Does not:
- prevent muscle atrophy
- increase strength or endurance
- assist circulation to the extent of active range of motion
Contraindications & precautions to ROM
ROM should not be done when motion is disruptive to the healing process
True or false: it is OK to force beyond the available range for ROM
NO, Forcing beyond available range of motion is stretching not ROM
Application of AROM
- Demonstrate motion using PROM
- ask patient to perform motion
- Place hands in position to assist or guide as needed
- Within free range of motion
Application of self assisted ROM
- Should begin ASAP when the patient is able to understand and learn what to do
- promotes patient independence becomes - part of HEP
Continuous passive motion (CPM)
- Performed by mechanical device
- moves slowly and continuously through controlled roam
ROM through functional patterns/activites x2
- helps pt recognize purpose & vaule of ROM exercises
- develops movement patterns used in daily activities
