Rock Cycle

Question 1

what is an internal geologic process

Answer 1

process that build up Earths surface

Question 2

what is an external geologic process

Answer 2

process that wear down Earths surface (erosion, weathering)

Question 3

what are sedimentary rocks

Answer 3

rock made from small and eroded pieces of rock that accumulate over time and create layers

Question 4

what are some examples of sedimentary rocks

Answer 4

sandstone, shale, limestone

Question 5

what is igneous rock

Answer 5

rock formed when molten rock hardens and forms most of the earths crust

Question 6

what are some examples of igneous rock

Answer 6

obsidian, granite, basalt

Question 7

what is metamorphic rock

Answer 7

rock formed by high temperature and pressure

Question 8

what are some examples of metamorphic rock

Answer 8

anthracite, slate, marble

Question 9

what are mineral resources

Answer 9

all naturally occuring materials that are used for human purposes

Question 10

what are some examples of mineral resources

Answer 10

fossil fuels, metallic minerals like iron and copper, nonmetallic minerals like sand and gravel

Question 11

what is ore

Answer 11

naturally occuring solid material which contains enough of the mineral to be valuable to mine q

Question 12

what are some examples of surface mining

Answer 12

strip mining, open pit mining, mountaintop removal

Question 13

what is subsurface mining

Answer 13

removes deep deposits through a shaft in the earth

Question 14

what is placer mining

Answer 14

seperating heavily eroded minerals like gold from sand or gravel

Question 15

what is mine reclamation

Answer 15

process of resotring land that has been mined to a natural state

Question 16

what is ore mineral

Answer 16

the desired metal in ore

Question 17

what is gangue

Answer 17

worthless material that is mixed in with the ore

Question 18

what is smelting

Answer 18

obtaining ore by heating at high temperatures in a furnace

Question 19

what are some negative effects of mining

Answer 19

habitat loss, sarring and disruption of land, water pollution, liquid and solid hazardous waste, use of cyanide to extract gold

Question 20

what is the Hubbert peak theory

Answer 20

theory that says any given geographical area from an individual oil producing region to the planet as a whole, the rate of petroleum production tends to follow a bell shaped curve

Question 21

what is the US general MIning Law of 1872

Answer 21

law that encouraged mineral exploration and mining that also encouraged settling in the west

Question 22

what happen to the General Mining Law in 1992

Answer 22

law was modified so that mining companies have to post bonds for reclamation

Question 23

what is SMCRA

Answer 23

established program for regulating surface mining and reclamation and also established mandatory standards for these activites on state and federal lands

Question 24

what fund did SMCRA create

Answer 24

the Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund

Question 25

what kinds of minerals do hydrothermal vents produce

Answer 25

gold, silver, zinc, and copper

Question 26

what are two pollution and waste prevention programs

Answer 26

Pollution Prevention Pays, Cleaner Production, Saves Money