Robbins 8th ed - Chapter 28 - CNS (1)

Question 1

Name the three types of cerebral oedema and name which type of fluid is involved in each.

Answer 1

1. Vasogenic (intercellular fluid)
2. Cytotoxic (intracellular fluid)
3. Interstitial (fluid from the ventricular system)

Question 2

What is the mechanism resulting in vasogenic cerebral oedema?

Answer 2

Increased vascular permeability.

Question 3

What is the mechanism resulting in cytotoxic cerebral oedema?

Answer 3

Ischaemia/infarction, toxic/metabolic disturbances resulting in cellular injury.

Question 4

What is the mechanism underlying interstitial cerebral oedema?

Answer 4

Hydrocephalus progressing to the point that fluid from the ventricular system transudates across the ependymal lining secondary to increased intraventricular pressure.

Question 5

Name some common sites of hypertensive cerebrovascular disease.

Answer 5

Lenticular nucleus (=putamen + globus pallidus) (aka lentiform nucleus), thalamus, internal capsule, deep white matter, caudate nucleus, pons.