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(1) VMCB > (RNA VIRUSES) Lesson 19: Paramyxoviridae > Flashcards

(RNA VIRUSES) Lesson 19: Paramyxoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

order Mononegavirales includes viruses within the ff families

A

Paramyxoviridae
Filoviridae
Bornaviridae
Rhabdoviridae

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2
Q

Families Paramyxoviridae, Filoviridae, Bornaviridae, and Rhabdoviridae are ancestrally related as reflected by their common characteristics such as:

ENUMERATE

A

✔ single- stranded genome of negative-sense RNA
✔ replication strategy and gene order
✔ virion morphology that includes an envelope

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3
Q

Genus under Filoviridae

A

Ebolavirus
Marburgvirus

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4
Q

OIE emerging dse under Family Filoviridae (Genus Ebolavirus)

A

Zaire ebolavirus

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5
Q

species under Family Filoviridae (Genus Marburgvirus)

A

Lake Victoria marburgvirus

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6
Q

Genera under Family Paramyxoviridae

A

Henipavirus
Avulavirus
Respirovirus
Rubulavirus
Morbillivirus

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7
Q

OIE listed dse under Family Paramyxoviridae

A

1) APMV-1 - Avian paramyxovirus type 1 (Newcastle disease virus)
2) Nipah virus
3) Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus
4) Rinderpest virus

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8
Q

OIE emerging dse under Family Paramyxoviridae (Genus Henipavirus)

A

Hendra virus

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9
Q

How many serotypes are there in Family Paramyxoviridae (Genus Avulavirus)

A

11 serotypes

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10
Q

Newcastle disease virus also known as

A

APMV-1 (Avian paramyxovirus type 1)

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11
Q

OIE listed dse under Family Paramyxoviridae (Genus Morbillivirus)

A

1) Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus
2) Rinderpest virus

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12
Q

Viruses in this family cause a number of serious respiratory and/or systemic diseases of humans, animals, and birds.

A

Paramyxoviridae

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13
Q

General description of Paramyxoviridae

A

✔ cause a number of serious respiratory and/or systemic
diseases of humans, animals, and bird
✔ virions are enveloped, pleomorphic (filamentous or spherical; approximately 150
nm or more in diameter)
✔ contain a genome of linear, negative-sense, single- stranded RNA
✔ viral nucleocapsid (ND virus) has helical symmetry (herringbone pattern) and is
approximately 13–18 nm in diameter
✔ Paramyxoviridae are monotypic

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14
Q

pattern of the helical symmetry of the Paramyxoviridae nucleocapsid

A

herringbone pattern

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15
Q

glycoproteins present at the surface or spikes of the Paramyxoviridae

A

✔ Fusion protein
✔ Hemagglutinin
✔ Neuraminidase

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16
Q

Antigenic property of Genus Avulavirus

A

✔
Fusion (F) protein
✔ Haemagglutinin (HA)
protein
✔ Neuraminadase (NA)
protein

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17
Q

Antigenic property of Genus Morbillivirus

A

✔
Fusion (F) protein
✔ Haemagglutinin (HA)
protein

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18
Q

Antigenic property of Genus Pneumovirus

A

✓ Fusion (F) protein

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19
Q

network of rbc’s and viruses formed due to HA protein

A

Hemagglutination

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20
Q

In hemagglutination, network of rbc’s and viruses formed due to what protein?

A

Haemagglutinin (HA) protein

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21
Q

occurs when virus detaches from rbc’s due to neuraminadase (NA)
protein enzymes by breaking the contact of rbc and HA protein

A

Elution

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22
Q

Elution occurs when virus detaches from rbc’s due to ____________ enzymes by breaking the contact of rbc and HA protein

A

neuraminadase (NA)
protein

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23
Q

Paramyxoviridae are monotypic.

What does monotypic mean?

A

antibodies against one virus strain can neutralize all strains of the same species

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24
Q

is a highly contagious disease
of chickens that is characterized by respiratory distress, diarrhea, and neurological signs (tremors, wing or leg paresis, torticollis, circling, spasms), drop in egg production

A

Newcastle disease (ND)

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25
Q

Newcastle Disease is caused by what virus?

A

Avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1) or
Newcastle disease virus

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26
Q

First identified in Java, Indonesia (1926), and later in New Castle England
(1927)

A

Newcastle Disease

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27
Q

Other names of Newcastle Disease

A

✓ Ranikhet Disease
✓ Pseudofowl Pest, Avian
✓ Pneumoencephalitis

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28
Q

Severity of the Newcastle Disease is dependent upon the following

A

(1) age and immune status of
the birds
(2) the virulence of the strain of ND virus

29
Q

are responsible for Avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1) or
Newcastle disease virus attachment to host cell and infection

A

✓ Fusion (F) proteins
✓ Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase (HN)

30
Q

Newcastle disease (ND) is characterized by

A

respiratory distress
diarrhea
neurological signs
drop in egg production

31
Q

Three Strain/Pathotype of Newcastle Disease

A

Lentogenic (Avirulent)
Mesogenic (Moderately virulent)
Velogenic (Highly virulent)

32
Q

Virulence of Lentogenic (Avirulent)

A

Low

33
Q

Virulence of Mesogenic (Moderately virulent)

A

Moderate

34
Q

Virulence of Velogenic
(Highly virulent)

A

High

35
Q

Mortality of Lentogenic (Avirulent)

A

Negligible

36
Q

Mortality of Mesogenic (Moderately virulent)

A

Upto 10%

37
Q

Mortality of Velogenic (Highly virulent)

A

Upto 90%

38
Q

Disease of Lentogenic (Avirulent)

A

Mild signs

39
Q

Disease of Velogenic (Highly virulent)

A

Severe

40
Q

Disease of Mesogenic (Moderately virulent)

A

Moderate

41
Q

Forms of Newcastle Disease

A

a) Viscerotropic velogenic (Doyle’s form)
b) Neurotropic velogenic (Beach’s form)
c) Mesogenic form (Beaudette’s form)
d) Lentogenic form (Hitchner’s form)

42
Q

high mortality, haemorrhagic
lesions in git, also called Asiatic or exotic ND

A

Viscerotropic velogenic (Doyle’s form)

43
Q

Viscerotropic velogenic (Doyle’s form) also called

A

Asiatic or exotic ND

44
Q

high mortality, respiratory &
neurological

A

Neurotropic velogenic (Beach’s form)

45
Q

low mortality, respiratory &
neurological disease

A

Mesogenic form (Beaudette’s form)

46
Q

mild respiratory disease

A

Lentogenic form (Hitchner’s form)

47
Q

infects chickens, guinea fowls, turkeys, and a large number of species of domestic and wild birds

A

Newcastle disease virus

48
Q

geographical distribution of Newcastle disease virus

A

worldwide

49
Q

are less susceptible but may act as carriers to Newcastle disease virus

A

Sea birds

50
Q

how Newcastle disease virus Cause minor zoonosis?

A

Infection in poultry handlers occurs when exposed to infected birds or live viral vaccines which may develop a self-limiting conjunctivitis

51
Q

Infection of Newcastle disease virus in poultry handlers occurs when exposed to

A

infected birds or live viral vaccines

52
Q

minor zoonosis of Newcastle disease virus may develop a

A

self-limiting conjunctivitis

53
Q

is the most common route for transmission of NDV

A

Aerosol respiratory infection

54
Q

NDV Infected birds begin to shed virus 2–3 days after exposure from their respiratory tracts and continue to shed virus for several

A
55
Q

NDV is also readily spread by?

A

fomites

56
Q

only this Strain/Pathotype of NDV produce gross lesions, but are not
pathognomonic, such as swelling of head, petechiae on the mucosa of proventriculus, ulceration of peyers patches, edema of interstitial tissue of neck

A

velogenic strains

57
Q

NDV is now best accomplished using the ff Laboratory Diagnosis

A

a) PCR
b) sequence and/or nucleic acid hybridization analysis

58
Q

lab diagnosis of NDV: use to distinguish whether the virus is a velogenic field strain or a live vaccine strain, and to differentiate it from avian influenza

A

sequence and/or nucleic acid hybridization analysis

59
Q

Samples to be collected in NDV infected animal

A

 Dead (post-mortem)
a) Spleen, lung, kidney
b) Intestine, Heart, brain, liver
 live (antemortem)
a) Oro-nasal swab
b) Cloacal swab
c) Serum (antibody titer)

60
Q

Laboratory tests for NDV

A

a) HA/HI test
b) RT-PCR
c) DNA sequencing
d) histological staining
e) nucleic acid hybridization

61
Q

Cultivation of NDV can be done by inoculating to

A

a) embryonated chicken eggs (allantoic inoculation)
b) cell cultures with respiratory exudate or tissue suspensions
(spleen, lung, or brain)

62
Q

death of embryo is observed within 24 hours with hemorrhages throughout the body, presence of NDV is confirmed by what lab tests

A

a) HA and HI test
b) RT-PCR

63
Q

Control and Prevention of Newcastle Disease

A

 Sanitary management
 Medical prophylaxis

64
Q

Vaccine strains under Lentogenic Pathotype for NDV

A

F (live attenuated)
Hitchner’s B1 (live attenuated)
La Sota (live attenuated or Inactivated)
V4

65
Q

Vaccine strains under Mesogenic Pathotype for NDV

A

Mukteshwar (R2B) (live attenuated)
Roakin
Komarov (K)

66
Q

live attenuated vaccine strains under Lentogenic Pathotype for NDV

A

F (live attenuated)
Hitchner’s B1 (live attenuated)

67
Q

live attenuated or Inactivated vaccine strains under Lentogenic Pathotype for NDV

A

La Sota

68
Q

live attenuated vaccine strains under Mesogenic Pathotype for NDV

A

Mukteshwar (R2B)

69
Q
A

(1) VMCB (15 decks)

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