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(1) VMCB > (DNA VIRUSES) Lesson 9: Adenoviridae > Flashcards

(DNA VIRUSES) Lesson 9: Adenoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

General description

A

 Non-enveloped, double-stranded
DNA viruses
 Icosahedral symmetry
 Replicate in nuclei, forming
intranuclear inclusion bodies
 Moderately stable in the
environment
 Has four genera
 Causes systemic and respiratory diseases in dogs
 Causes systemic diseases in poultry

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2
Q

Four genera of Adenoviridae

A

– Aviadenovirus, avian adenoviruses
– Mastadenovirus, mammalian adenoviruses
– Atadenovirus, viruses of vertebrates
– Siadenovirus, amphibian virus and avian virus

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3
Q

Aviadenovirus is the virus of what animal?

A

avian adenoviruses

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4
Q

Mastadenovirus is the virus of what animal?

A

mammalian adenoviruses

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5
Q

Atadenovirus is the virus of what animal?

A

viruses of vertebrates

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6
Q

Siadenovirus is the virus of what animal?

A

amphibian virus and avian virus

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7
Q

avian adenoviruses

A

Aviadenovirus

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8
Q

mammalian adenoviruses

A

Mastadenovirus

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9
Q

viruses of vertebrates

A

Atadenovirus

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10
Q

amphibian virus and avian virus

A

Siadenovirus

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11
Q

Causes systemic and respiratory diseases in dogs

A

Adenoviridae

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12
Q

Causes systemic diseases in poultry

A

Adenoviridae

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13
Q

viruses under Mastadenovirus

A

(BECOP)
Bovine adenovirus A, B, C
Equine adenovirus A, B
Canine adenovirus
Ovine adenovirus A, B
Porcine adenovirus A, B, C

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14
Q

viruses under Aviadenovirus

A

Fowl adenovirus A, B, C, D, E
Goose adenovirus

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15
Q

viruses under Atadenovirus

A

(BOD)
Bovine adenovirus D
Ovine adenovirus D
Duck adenovirus A

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16
Q

viruses under Siadenovirus

A

Frog adenovirus
Turkey adenovirus A

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17
Q

causes infectious canine hepatitis, with lesions arising from direct cytopathic effects and immune complex formation

A

Canine adenovirus serotype1 (dog, fox)

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18
Q

It is involved in infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough), a highly contagious respiratory disease

A

Canine adenovirus serotype 2 (dog)

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19
Q

kennel cough also known as

A

tracheobronchitis

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20
Q

Canine adenovirus serotype 2 causes what?

A

infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough)

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21
Q

Usually, it is a subclinical or mild respiratory infection in the horse population.

A

Equine adenovirus A

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22
Q

It is associated with pneumonia, which is invariably fatal, in Arabian foals with severe combined immunodeficiency disease

A

Equine adenovirus A

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23
Q

Associated with occasional outbreaks of respiratory and enteric disease

A

Bovine adenoviruses
Ovine adenoviruses

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24
Q

Usually subclinical infections; occasionally cause diarrhoea

A

Porcine adenoviruses

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25
Q

Frequently isolated from healthy birds or following respiratory disease. Associated with quail bronchitis, inclusion body hepatitis, and hepatitis–hydropericardium syndrome

A

Fowl adenoviruses

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26
Q

Fowl adenoviruses are associated with what conditions?

A

Quail bronchitis
Inclusion body hepatitis
Hepatitis–hydropericardium syndrome

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27
Q

Causes egg drop syndrome in laying hens

A

Duck adenovirus A

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28
Q

Causes turkey haemorrhagic enteritis (dysentery in 4 to 12-week-old poults with a mortality rate of up to 60%) and marble spleen disease
in pheasants (characterized by sudden death, pulmonary oedema and splenic necrosis in 2 to 8-month-old birds)

A

Turkey adenovirus A

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29
Q

Turkey adenovirus A causes the following conditions

A

haemorrhagic enteritis
marble spleen disease

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30
Q

dysentery in 4 to 12-week-old poults with a mortality rate of up to 60%

A

haemorrhagic enteritis (Turkey adenovirus A)

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31
Q

characterized by sudden death, pulmonary oedema and splenic necrosis in 2 to 8-month-old birds

A

marble spleen disease (Turkey adenovirus A)

32
Q

isolated from fowl, turkeys, pheasants, pigeons, ducks, quail, geese, guinea fowl
and budgerigars

A

Avian adenovirus

33
Q

distribution of the Avian adenovirus

A

Worldwide

34
Q

an important source of infection of the Avian adenovirus

A

Faeces

35
Q

This transmission also occurs in Avian adenovirus

A

Egg transmission

36
Q

It controls infections in young birds caused by Avian adenovirus

A

Maternal antibodies

37
Q

It occurs chiefly in broilers but can also be seen in rearing pullets

A

Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH)

38
Q

IBH stands for what?

A

Inclusion Body Hepatitis

39
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Several fowl adenoviruses have been associated with IBH

A

TRUE

40
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Mortality: 10%- 30% where there is immunosuppression due to infectious bursal disease or chicken anaemia virus infection.

A

TRUE

41
Q

What are the lesions of Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH)

A

Enlarged, friable liver with haemorrhages on the surface

Intramuscular haemorrhages and anaemia

42
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Histologically there is hepatic necrosis and intranuclear inclusions in hepatocytes.

A

TRUE

43
Q

TRUE or FALSE

vaccines for Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) are not routinely available

A

FALSE

44
Q

It was first described in Northern Ireland in 1976.

A

Egg drop syndrome

45
Q

In what place and year egg drop syndrome is first described?

A

Northern Ireland in 1976

46
Q

The disease is characterized by a drop in egg production, by the laying of abnormal eggs, or by a failure to peak.

A

Egg drop syndrome

47
Q

The condition is usually seen in hens between the start of lay and 36
weeks of age.

A

Egg drop syndrome

48
Q

Lesions of Egg drop syndrome are found in?

A

oviduct and pouch shell gland

49
Q

Intranuclear inclusions of the Egg drop syndrome are commonly seen here

A

epithelial cells of the pouch shell gland

50
Q

Detection of the Duck adenovirus A that causes Egg drop syndrome

A

Immunofluorescence
ELISA
PCR

51
Q

The virus agglutinates avian red cells

A

Duck adenovirus A (Egg drop syndrome)

52
Q

this test is the test of choice for the detection of antibodies of the Duck adenovirus A (Egg drop syndrome)

A

HAI test

53
Q

what are the two closely related serotypes of canine adenovirus

A

canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1) and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2)

54
Q

Under natural conditions, this virus is associated with a generalized infection, infectious canine hepatitis

A

CAV-1

55
Q

It is more commonly associated with respiratory disease.

A

CAV-2

56
Q

Canine adenovirus type 1 causes what conditions?

A

Infectious Canine Hepatitis or Rubarths Disease

57
Q

Worldwide in distribution but rarely causes disease due to widespread
use of commercial vaccine

A

Canine adenovirus type 1

58
Q

Canine adenovirus type 1 affects this organ and part

A

liver and vascular endothelium

59
Q

Canine adenovirus type 1 is transmitted via?

A

urine, feces, or saliva

60
Q

Canine adenovirus type 1 may persist in this organ and, in some instances, may be excreted in urine for more than 6 months.

A

kidneys

61
Q

In __________ caused by Canine adenovirus type 1, death occurs so rapidly that poisoning may be suspected.

A

peracute disease

62
Q

In __________ caused by Canine adenovirus type 1, affected dogs present with fever, depression, anorexia, increased thirst, vomiting, and diarrhoea.

A

acute disease

63
Q

TRUE or FALSE

animals affected by Canine adenovirus type 1 and recovered from it have life-long immunity.

A

TRUE

64
Q

Samples of these organs are also suitable for Canine adenovirus type 1 isolation.

A

spleen, lymph nodes, and kidney

65
Q

Because of high levels of this activity in hepatic tissue, __________ samples are unsuitable for virus isolation as this enzyme inhibits viral replication in tissue culture.

A

arginase activity
liver

66
Q

this enzyme inhibits viral replication in tissue culture

A

arginase

67
Q

A rising antibody titer detectable using these tests is indicative of active CAV-1 infection

A

Neutralization or Haemagglutination Inhibition Tests

68
Q

Treatment for Canine adenovirus 1

A

Supportive therapy, vaccinations

69
Q

Where does Canine adenovirus 1 replicate?

A

tonsils and Payer’s patches

70
Q

is readily transmitted by aerosol, replicating in both the upper and lower respiratory tract

A

Canine adenovirus type 2

71
Q

Clinical signs of this virus are typically mild or inapparent.

A

Canine adenovirus type 2

72
Q

Affected dogs present with signs typical of canine infectious tracheobronchitis (‘kennel cough’).

A

Canine adenovirus type 2

73
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Most dogs recover uneventfully and are immune to subsequent challenges.

A

TRUE

74
Q

Canine adenovirus type 2 is shed for about eight or nine days post-infection and can be isolated from ____________.

A

nasal or oropharyngeal swabs

75
Q

Diagnosis of Canine adenovirus type 2 can be confirmed by virus isolation in susceptible cells such as the ff

A

Madin–Darby canine kidney cells
In situ hybridization
PCR

76
Q

Fowl adenoviruses are associated with these conditions

A

Quail bronchitis
Inclusion body hepatitis
Hepatitis–hydropericardium syndrome

77
Q

Fowl adenoviruses are associated with these conditions

A

Quail bronchitis
Inclusion body hepatitis
Hepatitis–hydropericardium syndrome

(1) VMCB (15 decks)

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