RNA synthesis

Question 1

Which RNAs do not code for proteins? [2 marks]

Answer 1

• tRNA

- rRNA

Question 2

What is the function of a telomere? [1 mark]

Answer 2

Protects the ends of chromosomes during division

Question 3

What is the function of a centromere? [1 mark]

Answer 3

Keeps chromosomes attached to the spindle during mitosis

Question 4

What proportion of DNA contains pseudogenes in the intergenic regions? [1 mark]

Answer 4

97-98%

Question 5

What is the definition of a gene? [2 marks]

Answer 5

• Structural element that codes for the instruction to make RNA and proteins
• Unit of heredity

Question 6

What is a phenotype? [1 mark]

Answer 6

Consequence of production of specific gene product

Question 7

What is a genotype? [1 mark]

Answer 7

Specific allele/combination of alleles.

Question 8

What does RNA polymerase I do? [1 mark]

Answer 8

Transcribes rRNAs

Question 9

What does RNA polymerase II do? [1 mark]

Answer 9

Transcribes mRNAs

Question 10

What does RNA polymerase III do? [1 mark]

Answer 10

Transcribe tRNA and other small RNAs

Question 11

Structural elements in transcriptional unit [3 marks]

Answer 11

• Intervening sequence
• Introns
• Exons

Question 12

Regulatory element and binding sites of promoter [3 marks]

Answer 12

• Proximal elements (promoter element)
• TATA box
• Enhancer

Question 13

What is transcription? [1 mark]

Answer 13

This is the production or formation of RNA using a DNA dependant RNA polymerase