RNA and transcription- lqc 5a

Question 1

similarities between RNA and DNA

Answer 1

• Both made of mononucleotides composed of phosphate, a pentose sugar and an organic base
• Both contain the bases Adenine, Cytosine and Guanine
• Mononucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds

Question 2

differences between RNA and DNA

Answer 2

• DNA contains deoxyribose sugar whereas RNA contains ribose
• RNA contains the base Uracil whereas DNA contains the base Thymine
• RNA is Single stranded whereas DNA is double stranded

Question 3

Where in the cell does transcription take place?

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

step 1 of the process of transcription

Answer 4

Part of the DNA unwinds, hydrogen bonds between the bases break and the two strands separate so that a gene can be transcribed

Question 5

step 2 of the process of transcription

Answer 5

The antisense strand of DNA only is used as a template

Question 6

step 3 of the process of transcription

Answer 6

Free RNA mononucleotides line up against their complementary base pairs on the exposed antisense strand of DNA

Question 7

step 4 of the process of transcription

Answer 7

The enzyme RNA polymerase joins the RNA mononucleotides together with phosphodiester bonds (in condensation reactions) to form mRNA

Question 8

step 5 of the process of transcription

Answer 8

mRNA is a complementary copy of DNA antisense strand

Question 9

step 6 of the process of transcription

Answer 9

mRNA detaches from the DNA and exits the nucleus through a nuclear pore into the cytoplasm (and so it carries the copy of the genetic code out of nucleus into the cytoplasm)

Question 10

role of RNA polymerase in transcription

Answer 10

Role of RNA polymerase in transcription is to act as an enzyme to join RNA mononucleotides together with phosphodiester bonds in condensation reactions to form mRNA