inheritance- lqc 9

Question 1

gene

Answer 1

A sequence of bases on a DNA molecule that codes for a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 2

allele

Answer 2

A different form of {the same/one} gene

Question 3

genotype

Answer 3

The alleles in an organism, for a particular gene

Question 4

phenotype

Answer 4

The observable characteristic, due to the expression of a genotype/ alleles, which may be affected by the environment

Question 5

recessive

Answer 5

Both alleles need to be present in order for the recessive phenotype to be observed - only expressed if the dominant allele is not present

Question 6

dominant

Answer 6

Only one allele needs to be present for the dominant phenotype to be observed

Question 7

incomplete dominance

Answer 7

When there are two different alleles in the genotype and both alleles are expressed in the phenotype of the organism - both alleles have an equal weighting in the expression

Question 8

homozygous

Answer 8

A genotype where both alleles present at a gene locus are the same

Question 9

heterozygous

Answer 9

A genotype where both alleles present at a gene locus are different

Question 10

homologous chromosomes

Answer 10

A pair of chromosomes, similar in length, with the centromere and genes in the same position

Question 11

locus

Answer 11

The position of an allele on a chromosome

Question 12

carrier

Answer 12

An organism with a heterozygous genotype. They have one allele for
condition/characteristic, but it is not expressed in the phenotype.

Question 13

monohybrid inheritance

Answer 13

Inheritance of one gene is responsible for the expression of the genotype

Question 14

recessive allele

Answer 14

both alleles need to be present in order for the recessive phenotype to be expressed, different form of a gene, same locus

Question 15

recessive genetic disorder

Answer 15

the disorder results from a defect in genes, both defective alleles need to be present