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Junior Cert Geography - > Rivers > Flashcards

Rivers Flashcards

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0
Q

Course

A

The route the river takes

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1
Q

Source

A

Where the river starts

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2
Q

Confluence

A

The part at which two rivers or streams meet

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3
Q

Tributary

A

A stream that joins a large river

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4
Q

Drainage basin

A

The land drained by the river

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5
Q

Watershed

A

The area of highland surrounding the drainage basin

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6
Q

Mouth

A

The part at which the river comes to an end. Usually at sea

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7
Q

Estuary

A

The part do the river that is tidal

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8
Q

How are interlocking spurs formed

A

Interlocking spurs are formed when the river erodes the landscape and bends to avoid hard rock

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9
Q

Where do rivers usually begin

A

Rivers usually begin In the mountains. They flow downhill onto flat land and into the sea

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10
Q

What are the tree stages of a river

A

The upper stage (youthful)
The Middle stage (mature)
The lower stage (old)

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11
Q

What are the landforms in the youthful stage of a river

A

Waterfalls
V shaped valleys
Interlocking spurs

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12
Q

Describe the upper stage of a river

A

The gradient is very steep so the small amount water flows fast through a narrow shallow channel. Lots of erosion occurs in the upper stage of a river.

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13
Q

What are the landforms in the mature stage of a river

A

Meanders

Ox bow lakes

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14
Q

Describe a middle stage of a river

A

It has more water than the lower stage running through a wider deeper channel. It’s gradient is also more gentile so the water doesn’t move as fast. It still erodes

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15
Q

What are the landforms in the old stage of a river

A

Flood plains

Levees

16
Q

Describe the lower stage of a river

A

The river has a lot more water than the other stages that forums through a wider deeper channel than it did before.

17
Q

Where is erosion greatest

A

The youthful stage as the gradients is steep. The water has more energy and therefore has more energy to erode the river.

18
Q

How do rivers shape the landscape

A

The river shapes the landscape by Erosion because the river wears/breaks down the landscape. It shapes the landscape by transportation by carrying its load and it shapes the landscape by deposition by dropping off that load

19
Q

What are the ways in which the river is eroding

A

Hydronic action: the force of the moving water wears always the bed and bank
AbraTion: the rivers load wears away the bed and bank by hitting off them
Attrition: stones are worm down, smoothed and rounded as they hit off each other
Solution: the water dissolves rocks the bed and banks

20
Q

What are the ways the river transports (carries) it’s load

A

Rolling: large stones being moved from the bed and carried by the water
Saltation: when lose material (small pebbles) is moved from the bed and carried by the water
Suspension: light material is moved from the bed and carried by the water
Solution: the dissolved material left behind

21
Q

What is the function of rivers

A

Rivers drain land of rainwater

22
Q

How can humans use rivers

A 
Transport
Tourism 
Fishing 
Settlements
Pollution
Hydroelectric power
Flooding

Interactions can be beneficial and harmful

23
Q

How is tourism how people use rivers

A

Tourist use rivers for fishing and cruising

24
Q

How is fishing way that people use rivers

A

Irish rivers are popular for Anglos

25
Q

How is settlement an example of how people can use rivers

A

People live on the river for food and water

26
Q

How is pollution an example of how people use rivers

A

Farming-slurry runs into rivers

27
Q

What are the positive and negative affects of hydroelectric power

A

Positive

  • generates cheap clean renewable energy
  • water builds up in reservoir- water supply
  • reservoir can be used for leisure activities - water sports and fishing

Negative
Creation of reservoir can lose agricultural land
Families need to be relocated
New roads and buildings have to be built
Fish stocks can be affected

28
Q

How do rivers shape the lAndscape q

A

Erosion transportation and deposition

Junior Cert Geography - (25 decks)

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