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Histopathology > Risk Management, Safety, and Instrumentation > Flashcards

Risk Management, Safety, and Instrumentation Flashcards

1
Q

what percentage is relatively safe for acetic acid handling

A

1-10%

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2
Q

concentrated glacial acetic acid should not be mixed with these chemicals since it can explode

A

chromic acid
nitric acid
sodium hydroxide
potassium hydroxide

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3
Q

this should be stored away from acids, and should not be mixed with formaldehyde as this generates heat and toxic vapors that can be irritating to the respiratory system

A

ammonium hydroxide

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4
Q

this is toxic when absorbed by the skin and causes irritation of the eyes, and is a potential carcinogen

A

aniline

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5
Q

excessive exposure with this chemical may cause drowsiness, headache, nausea, and cyanosis. routine use of this dangerous reagent should be avoided

A

aniline

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6
Q

this is a very dangerous chemical that is toxic when inhaled or ingested

A

chloroform

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7
Q

this is carcinogenic and can affect the liver, reproductive organs, CNS, blood, and GIT

A

chloroform

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8
Q

excessive exposure to the vapor can cause disorientation, loss of conciousness, and death

A

chloroform

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9
Q

this is toxic to kidneys, corrosive to skin and mucous membranes, and can cause cancers

A

chromic acid

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10
Q

all forms of skin contact of this chemical must be avoided should not be subjected to drain disposal because this is an environmental toxin

A

chromic acid

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11
Q

mild to moderate irritation of skin eyes. this is dangerously flammable and extremely volatile

A

ethanol

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12
Q

toxic to reproductive, urinary, and blood systems when inhaled or ingested

A

ethylene glycol

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13
Q

this is propylene-based glycol ethers and should not be used as a substitute for ethylene-based glycol, and the reagent must be handled under a fume hood with butyl gloves

A

ethylene glycol

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14
Q

all workers exposed to this chemical should be periodically monitored for exposure levels

A

formaldehyde

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15
Q

formalin waste can be recycled by distillation or by drain disposal, can be detoxified by a commercial product, or can be disposed of by a licensed waste hauler

A

formaldehyde

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16
Q

simplest aldehyde

A

formaldehyde

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17
Q

type of gas that is dissolved in water to produce formalin

A

formaldehyde

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18
Q

saturated formaldehyde solution (37%-40%)

A

formalin

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19
Q

can irritate the skin and eyes, and can corrode metals. should be handled under a chemical fume hood

A

Formic acid

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20
Q

can cause severe irritation of the eyes and skin, toxic by ingestion

A

glutaraldehyde

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21
Q

this concentrated acid is particularly dangerous because of its fumes, and should be handled under a fume hood using goggles, apron, and gloves

A

hydrochloric acid

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22
Q

Harmless if used in concentrations less than 5%

A

hydrogen peroxide

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23
Q

corrosive to eyes and skin

A

sodium and potassium hydroxide

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24
Q

Extremely flammable and highly volatile

A

isopentane

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25
Q

Should be stored only in a refrigerator or freezer that is
especially suited for explosive atmosphere.

A

isopentane

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26
Q

Chilled of this chemical can cause frostbite.

A

isopentane

27
Q

Excessive exposure to vapors may cause irritation of the
respiratory tract, cough and irregular breathing.

A

isopentane

28
Q

Can cause mild to moderate irritation of the skin and eyes, and
is toxic by ingestion.

A

isopropanol

29
Q

Can cause severe irritation of the eyes and skin, and are
corrosive to metal because they contain mercury

A

mercuric chloride/oxide

30
Q

Most processing solutions will be contaminated with mercury if
specimen is fixed in B-5, Helly’s or Zenker’s fixative

A

mercuric chloride/oxide

31
Q

Reagents used to “de-zenkerize” (removal of mercury deposits)
the sections will release mercury, and must not go through drain
disposal.

A

mercuric chloride/oxide

32
Q

To avoid expensive disposal, mercuric fixative may be replaced
with zinc formalin or glyoxal solutions.

A

mercuric chloride/oxide

33
Q

Moderate skin and eye irritant, and is toxic by ingestion and inhalation. It may cause BLINDNESS or death if taken in excessive amounts.

A

methanol

34
Q

corrosive to skin, mucous membranes and most metals. it is toxic by inhalation

A

nitric acid

35
Q

can cause frost bites or thermal (cold) burns

A

liquid nitrogen

36
Q

Corrosive to eyes and mucous membranes

A

osmium tetroxide

37
Q

Vials must be scored, broken, and opened under a hood, not in open air

A

osmium tetroxide

38
Q

Relatively safe when used in dilutions prescribed for histologic use.

A

oxalic acid

39
Q

When concentrated, it is corrosive and causes severe burns of the eyes, skin and mucous membranes

A

oxalic acid

40
Q

Repeated skin contact can cause DERMATITIS and SLOW HEALING ULCERS.

A

oxalic acid

41
Q

same risks as toluene

A

xylene

42
Q

corrosive to most metals including stainless steel

A

zinc chloride

43
Q

should not be used in tissue processors

A

zinc chloride

44
Q

Repeated exposure can cause impaired memory, poor coordination, mood swings and permanent nerve damage

A

toluene

45
Q

Should be restricted or avoided if possible, except as diluent in mounting media or for removing coverslips

A

toluene

46
Q

Strong irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory system corrosive to most metals

A

sulfuric acid

47
Q

Carries minimal health risk when used in histology under normal conditions

A

sodium thiosulfate

48
Q

May be used to replace mercuric oxide when reconstituting Harris hematoxylin

A

sodium iodate

49
Q

Strong oxidant, eye irritant and corrosive to most metals

A

sodium bisulfate

50
Q

do not mix bleach with

A

sodium formaldehyde or diaminobenzidine

51
Q

Relatively safe when used in dilute solutions. It should be kept away from oxidants.

A

sodium bisulfate

52
Q

Very toxic and may be fatal when swallowed or absorbed through the skin, or when mixed with

A

sodium azide

53
Q

Can explode when placed in contact with metals, and should not be discarded down the drain.

A

sodium azide

54
Q

Relatively safe when used as a fresh solution, but can be explosive when solution becomes old

A

siler salts

55
Q

It is a serious environmental hazard and should not be discarded down the drain

A

silver salts

56
Q

Less toxic substitute for ethylene - based ethers

A

propylene glycol

57
Q

Cause irritation of skin and eyes. Because it is a strong oxidant, it should not be mixed with acetic acid, ammonium hydroxide, ethanol, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, glycerol, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide or sulfuric acid

A

potassium permanganate

58
Q

Relatively safe when handled in concentrations prescribed for histologic use

A

potassium ferricyanide/potassium ferrocyanide

59
Q

Explosive when dry or when combined with metal and metallic salts

A

picric acid

60
Q

Should not be disposed by pouring down the drain since they may form explosive pirates with metal pipes.

A

picric acid

61
Q

Relatively safe when used in quantities prescribed for histology

A

periodic acid

62
Q

Readily absorbed through skin

A

phenol

63
Q
A

Histopathology (16 decks)

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