Risk Management, Safety, and Instrumentation

Question 1

what percentage is relatively safe for acetic acid handling

Answer 1

1-10%

Question 2

concentrated glacial acetic acid should not be mixed with these chemicals since it can explode

Answer 2

chromic acid
nitric acid
sodium hydroxide
potassium hydroxide

Question 3

this should be stored away from acids, and should not be mixed with formaldehyde as this generates heat and toxic vapors that can be irritating to the respiratory system

Answer 3

ammonium hydroxide

Question 4

this is toxic when absorbed by the skin and causes irritation of the eyes, and is a potential carcinogen

Answer 4

aniline

Question 5

excessive exposure with this chemical may cause drowsiness, headache, nausea, and cyanosis. routine use of this dangerous reagent should be avoided

Answer 5

aniline

Question 6

this is a very dangerous chemical that is toxic when inhaled or ingested

Answer 6

chloroform

Question 7

this is carcinogenic and can affect the liver, reproductive organs, CNS, blood, and GIT

Answer 7

chloroform

Question 8

excessive exposure to the vapor can cause disorientation, loss of conciousness, and death

Answer 8

chloroform

Question 9

this is toxic to kidneys, corrosive to skin and mucous membranes, and can cause cancers

Answer 9

chromic acid

Question 10

all forms of skin contact of this chemical must be avoided should not be subjected to drain disposal because this is an environmental toxin

Answer 10

chromic acid

Question 11

mild to moderate irritation of skin eyes. this is dangerously flammable and extremely volatile

Answer 11

ethanol

Question 12

toxic to reproductive, urinary, and blood systems when inhaled or ingested

Answer 12

ethylene glycol

Question 13

this is propylene-based glycol ethers and should not be used as a substitute for ethylene-based glycol, and the reagent must be handled under a fume hood with butyl gloves

Answer 13

ethylene glycol

Question 14

all workers exposed to this chemical should be periodically monitored for exposure levels

Answer 14

formaldehyde

Question 15

formalin waste can be recycled by distillation or by drain disposal, can be detoxified by a commercial product, or can be disposed of by a licensed waste hauler

Answer 15

formaldehyde

Question 16

simplest aldehyde

Answer 16

formaldehyde

Question 17

type of gas that is dissolved in water to produce formalin

Answer 17

formaldehyde

Question 18

saturated formaldehyde solution (37%-40%)

Answer 18

formalin

Question 19

can irritate the skin and eyes, and can corrode metals. should be handled under a chemical fume hood

Answer 19

Formic acid

Question 20

can cause severe irritation of the eyes and skin, toxic by ingestion

Answer 20

glutaraldehyde

Question 21

this concentrated acid is particularly dangerous because of its fumes, and should be handled under a fume hood using goggles, apron, and gloves

Answer 21

hydrochloric acid

Question 22

Harmless if used in concentrations less than 5%

Answer 22

hydrogen peroxide

Question 23

corrosive to eyes and skin

Answer 23

sodium and potassium hydroxide

Question 24

Extremely flammable and highly volatile

Answer 24

isopentane

Question 25

Should be stored only in a refrigerator or freezer that is especially suited for explosive atmosphere.

Answer 25

isopentane

Question 26

Chilled of this chemical can cause frostbite.

Answer 26

isopentane

Question 27

Excessive exposure to vapors may cause irritation of the respiratory tract, cough and irregular breathing.

Answer 27

isopentane

Question 28

Can cause mild to moderate irritation of the skin and eyes, and is toxic by ingestion.

Answer 28

isopropanol

Question 29

Can cause severe irritation of the eyes and skin, and are corrosive to metal because they contain mercury

Answer 29

mercuric chloride/oxide

Question 30

Most processing solutions will be contaminated with mercury if specimen is fixed in B-5, Helly's or Zenker's fixative

Answer 30

mercuric chloride/oxide

Question 31

Reagents used to "de-zenkerize" (removal of mercury deposits) the sections will release mercury, and must not go through drain disposal.

Answer 31

mercuric chloride/oxide

Question 32

To avoid expensive disposal, mercuric fixative may be replaced with zinc formalin or glyoxal solutions.

Answer 32

mercuric chloride/oxide

Question 33

Moderate skin and eye irritant, and is toxic by ingestion and inhalation. It may cause BLINDNESS or death if taken in excessive amounts.

Answer 33

methanol

Question 34

corrosive to skin, mucous membranes and most metals. it is toxic by inhalation

Answer 34

nitric acid

Question 35

can cause frost bites or thermal (cold) burns

Answer 35

liquid nitrogen

Question 36

Corrosive to eyes and mucous membranes

Answer 36

osmium tetroxide

Question 37

**Vials** must be scored, broken, and opened under a hood, not in open air

Answer 37

osmium tetroxide

Question 38

Relatively safe when **used in dilutions** prescribed for histologic use.

Answer 38

oxalic acid

Question 39

When concentrated, it is corrosive and causes severe burns of the eyes, skin and mucous membranes

Answer 39

oxalic acid

Question 40

Repeated skin contact can cause DERMATITIS and SLOW HEALING ULCERS.

Answer 40

oxalic acid

Question 41

same risks as toluene

Answer 41

xylene

Question 42

corrosive to most metals including stainless steel

Answer 42

zinc chloride

Question 43

should not be used in tissue processors

Answer 43

zinc chloride

Question 44

Repeated exposure can cause impaired memory, poor coordination, mood swings and permanent nerve damage

Answer 44

toluene

Question 45

Should be restricted or avoided if possible, except as diluent in mounting media or for removing coverslips

Answer 45

toluene

Question 46

Strong irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory system corrosive to most metals

Answer 46

sulfuric acid

Question 47

Carries minimal health risk when used in histology under normal conditions

Answer 47

sodium thiosulfate

Question 48

May be used to replace mercuric oxide when reconstituting Harris hematoxylin

Answer 48

sodium iodate

Question 49

Strong oxidant, eye irritant and corrosive to most metals

Answer 49

sodium bisulfate

Question 50

do not mix bleach with

Answer 50

sodium formaldehyde or diaminobenzidine

Question 51

Relatively safe when used in dilute solutions. It should be kept away from oxidants.

Answer 51

sodium bisulfate

Question 52

Very toxic and may be fatal when swallowed or absorbed through the skin, or when mixed with

Answer 52

sodium azide

Question 53

Can explode when placed in contact with metals, and should not be discarded down the drain.

Answer 53

sodium azide

Question 54

Relatively safe when used as a fresh solution, but can be explosive when solution becomes old

Answer 54

siler salts

Question 55

It is a serious environmental hazard and should not be discarded down the drain

Answer 55

silver salts

Question 56

Less toxic substitute for ethylene - based ethers

Answer 56

propylene glycol

Question 57

Cause irritation of skin and eyes. Because it is a strong oxidant, it should not be mixed with acetic acid, ammonium hydroxide, ethanol, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, glycerol, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide or sulfuric acid

Answer 57

potassium permanganate

Question 58

Relatively safe when handled in concentrations prescribed for histologic use

Answer 58

potassium ferricyanide/potassium ferrocyanide

Question 59

**Explosive when dry** or when combined with metal and metallic salts

Answer 59

picric acid

Question 60

**Should not be disposed by pouring down the drain** since they may form explosive pirates with metal pipes.

Answer 60

picric acid

Question 61

Relatively safe when used in quantities prescribed for histology

Answer 61

periodic acid

Question 62

Readily absorbed through skin

Answer 62

phenol