right realism policy development Flashcards
What are 3 right realism policy developments?
1)Sustainable crime prevention
2)enviroment crime prevention
3)imprisonment
What is the sustainable crime prevention?
Crime can be reduced by increasing the difficulty and and reducing the rewards
What is ‘target hardening’
to design crime out of an area by implementing things such as locking cars and security guards
Why is sustainable crime prevention seen as a weak policy development?
displacement - offenders move to a softer target
What is enviromental crime prevention?
a two-fold policy:
1)Enviromental improvement strategy
2)zero-tolerance policing strategy
What is an enviroment improvement strategy?
Signs of disorder is removed.
What is zero-tolerance policing strategy?
‘Zero-tolerance’ attitude towards all crimes. The police should tackle lower level crimes to prevent the high level crimes
What is an issue with the enviromental crime prevention?
The enviromental crime prevention ignores the strcutural causes of crime
What are the strengths of zero-tolerance policing?
crimes decreased in newyork in 1990s after introducing ZTP
What is the weakness of ZTP?
While crime went done for states that had ZTP; states that did not introduce ZTP also had a drop in crime rates so ZTP won’t be the main factor as to why crime has decreased.
Why did ZTP curfew increase juvenile crime?
It made the streets quiet which was opportunitistic for crimes
What was an issue within ZPT?
It is targeting certain ethnic minorities by police racism
Who conducted the enviromental crime prevention?
Wilson and Kelling
What is the policy development: imprisonment?
tougher punishments will deter criminals
What is ‘prison works’?
The goverment took upon the idea that tougher penalties were required.
What are the 2 factors within ‘prison work’
->Remove offender from public place
->tough punishments provides stronger consequences
What year was ‘prison works’ introduced?
in 1990s
What are the strengths of imprisonment?
Offenders can’t commit crime in jail.
Imprisonment deters criminals.
What are the weaknesses of imprisonment?
The offenders can commit crimes in jail against inmates
The prison lacks access to education and treatments
Studies show imprisonment is not a strong deterent
Penal populism
Politicans believed tough penalties were popular with the public and so this policy came to be known as ‘penal populism’
Links to imprisonment
